【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[听力原文] W: Good afternoon and welcome to "Your Business". We have in this studio today Brian Williams, head of the management unit of Lawson & Fowles Publishing. Brian is here to discuss successful staff management. Brian, what makes a good manager? M: Well, it's a combination of things, but at the top of the list I think I'd put being truthful. Staff have certain expectations of how they should be treated and they want their managers to be fair. Not telling your staff what's happening is a sure way of losing their respect. You need to concentrate on solving problems, not hiding them. W: But not all problems can be solved, can they? M: Most can, actually, but that's not the point. The thing is, instead of reacting after the damage done, you should be talking to staff about how things are going and avoiding a situation where they come to see you about the problems after the event. The trick is to decide what problems might arise before they actually happen. W: What about having staff work together? How should that be managed? M: Well, some people appear to like working on their own, but in most companies, people who work on their own do so because they have been neglected. They have been given a task and their boss is not interested in how it is being done. This makes their sense of achievement smaller no matter how hard they work. People who work in teams have clearer overall picture of the work they are involved in. They have a role to play, and know that if they don't perform well, it is not only the business is going to suffer but also the other members of their team. So it is up to managers to create teams within their organisation and encourage this team spirit. It improves performance. W: How is this best done? M: Well, it's important to identify certain key employees among your staff and give them particular support and attention. If these key people are encouraged in their work, they would perform better themselves, and more importantly raise the general level of performance of all the others in their area. W: Isn't it also a question of recruitment? M: Yes, yes, lots of difficulties in staff management arise because mangers genuinely don't know how to select the right person. Sometimes interviewees are chosen on the basis of written personality tests which bear no relation with the work they'll be actually doing. Many managers admit that they sometimes ignore the lack of appropriate skills in recruiting the staff, I'd say that in the vast majority of cases they simply opt for the candidate who's made the best impression in half an hour or so. W: So, what should we have instead? M: Well, the selection procedure should involve matching the skills and knowledge of the applicant to the actual job. And they should be done in the most immediate and relevant way possible. For example, if you try to recruit a trainer for your company, an important part of the interview should involve the applicant giving a prepared training session. Training is what they'll be doing, so you should see them in operation before employing them. W: That sounds sensible. The final question, Brian, is about discipline, which is perhaps the hardest factor to get it right. What is the latest thinking? M: Umm, well, the issues are: should you be a hard, unfriendly boss, making sure everyone obey your order without a question, or should you be more sympathetic and listen to your employees' difficulties? Then there will be time when you have to discipline someone who has done something wrong. It can be difficult if you are on very friendly terms with them. So a certain distance is necessary. On the other hand, if you are too unapproachable, you may not be made aware of important problems. W: Well, thank you, Brian. I'm sure plenty of managers out there will find our talk very interesting. 细节题。录音开头女士问男士成为一名好的管理者需要什么，男士回答说是很多事情的综合，但排在第一的是要诚实(being truthful)，因此本题答案为其名词形式B truthfulness。

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】推断题。当被问及让员工一起工作如何时，男士回答说在大多数公司，独自工作的员工通常是被忽视的员工，老板对他们的工作进度不感兴趣，因此选项C纯属张冠李戴。男士接着说，团队工作的员工对团队工作有一个整体的了解，知道自己如果做不好，不仅公司受影响，团队的其他成员也会受牵连，由此可以推断，团队工作可以使员工具有更强的责任心，选项B正确，为答案。男士后面又提到，团队工作可以提高绩效(raises performance)，故选项D错误。选项A属于无中生有。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】推断题。在讨论完团队工作的优势后，女士问如何才能最好地做好团队工作。男士回答说发现一些关键员工、给他们特殊的支持和关注很重要。如果这些人受到鼓励，他们自己就会表现得更好，同时也提高了其他员工的整体绩效。由此可以看出，提高团队绩效的最好方法是利用一些关键员工，答案为A。

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】细节题。在说到招聘时，男士说在员工管理方面出现的很多问题是由于管理者不懂得如何挑选最合适的人选，有些时候仅仅基于书面性格测试就确定了人选，而没有考虑他们实际上将要从事的工作。然后男士建议筛选过程中管理者应把应聘者的知识和技能与现实工作联系起来，以最直接最相关的方式进行筛选，比如在招聘培训者时就应该让其讲一段培训课。因此本题答案为C。A明显与原文不符，B原文未提及，D只是其中的一个例子。

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】推断题。录音最后谈到纪律(discipline)问题。男士说，有些时候不得不惩罚一些做错事情的员工，如果对员工特别友好就不容易做到，所以保持特定的距离也是必要的，但如果特别严厉，一些重要问题你就可能不会被告知。由此可以推断，男士作为一名管理者，应该是既友好又有距离的，答案为D。