单选题 In a purely biological sense, fear begins with the body's system for reacting to things that can harm us—the so-called fight-or-flight response. 'An animal that can't detect danger can't stay alive,' says Joseph LeDoux. Like animals, humans evolved with an elaborate mechanism for processing information about potential threats. At its core is a cluster of neurons(神经元) deep in the brain known as the amygdala(扁桃核).
LeDoux studies the way animals and humans respond to threats to understand how we form memories of significant events in our lives. The amygdala receives input from many parts of the brain, including regions responsible for retrieving memories. Using this information, the amygdala appraises a situation—I think this charging dog wants to bite me—and triggers a response by radiating nerve signals throughout the body. These signals produce the familiar signs of distress: trembling, perspiration and fast-moving feet, just to name three.
This fear mechanism is critical to the survival of all animals, but no one can say for sure whether beasts other than humans know they're afraid. That is, as LeDoux says, 'if you put that system into a brain that has consciousness, then you get the feeling of fear.'
Humans, says Edward M. Hallowell, have the ability to call up images of bad things that happened in the past and to anticipate future events. Combine these higher thought processes with our hardwired danger-detection systems, and you get a near-universal human phenomenon: worry. That's not necessarily a bad thing, says Hallowell. 'When used properly, worry is an incredible device,' he says. After all, a little healthy worrying is okay if it leads to constructive action—like having a doctor look at that weird spot on your back.
Hallowell insists, though, that there's a right way to worry. 'Never do it alone, get the facts and then make a plan,' he says. Most of us have survived a recession, so we're familiar with the belt-tightening strategies needed to survive a slump.
Unfortunately, few of us have much experience dealing with the threat of terrorism, so it's been difficult to get facts about how we should respond. That's why Hallowell believes it was okay for people to indulge some extreme worries last fall by asking doctors for Cipro(抗炭疽茵的物)and buying gas masks.

单选题 The 'so-called fight-or-flight response' (Line 2, Para. 1) refers to '______'.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】本题考查句意分析。第一段In a purely biological sense, fear begins with the body's system for reacting to things that can harm us—the so-called fight-or-flight response.通过这句话可知，在纯粹的生物学意义上说，恐惧始于人体对可能伤害我们的东西做出的反应，即所谓的打或跑反应，也就是对危险情况进行评估并迅速做出决定的举动。据此判断，本题答案是C。

单选题 From the studies conducted by LeDoux we learn that ______.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】本题对LeDoux的研究进行考查。第二段The amygdala receives input from many parts of the brain, ...appraises a situation.通过这句话可知，扁桃核接受从大脑很多部位发出的信息，并对情况做出评估。第三段This fear mechanism is critical to the survival of all animals.通过这句话可知，这种恐惧的机制对所有动物的生存起关键作用。据此判断，本题答案是D。

单选题 From the passage we know that ______.

单选题 Which of the following is the best way to deal with your worries according to Hallowell?

单选题 In Hallowell's view, people's reaction to the terrorist threat last fall was ______.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】本题考查Hallowell关于人们对恐怖主义威胁反应的看法。第六段Unfortunately, few of us have much experience dealing with the threat of terrorism. so it's been difficult to get facts about how we should respond. That's why Hallowell believes it was okay for people to indulge some extreme worries last fall.通过这句话可知，不幸的是，人们几乎没有处理恐怖袭击的经验，所以很难处理此事，这也就是为什么Hallowell认为如果人们因此沉浸于极度焦虑中也是正常的。据此判断，本题答案是B。