单选题
To Prevent Deaths In Hospital Operating

Doctors around the world now perform more than two hundred thirty million major operations every year. The World Health Organization says preventable injuries and deaths from medical operations are a growing concern.
Experts estimate that at least one million people die every year because of complications from surgical treatments. The W. H. O. says studies suggest that about half of these problems may be preventable. The United Nations agency hopes to reduce mistakes with a program built around a new Surgical Safety Checklist.
Atul Gawande works at the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston, Massachusetts. He helped develop the Safe Surgery Saves Lives program. Doctor Gawande and other researchers studied records from fifty-six countries.
In two thousand four, surgical complications in developed countries led to death in less than one percent of cases. In developing countries, the rate was five to ten percent. Complications can happen during an operation or after. For example, an infection might develop after an operation.
More than two hundred medical societies and health ministries have joined in the effort to make surgery safer. The new list is similar to what airplane pilots use before flying.
One member of the surgical team is responsible for the checklist. The first questions are asked before the patient receives anesthesia. The very first step is to confirm the patient's identity and the operation to be performed.
More questions are asked before the first cut. All members of the team are supposed to identify themselves by name and job. Another step is to confirm whether the patient was given antibiotic drugs within the last hour to prevent infection.
The third and final part of the checklist is completed before the patient leaves the operating room. For example, surgical equipment is counted to make sure nothing unnecessary stays in the patient.
At eight locations worldwide, these actions were being done only thirty-six percent of the time. But the W. H. O. says use of the list increased that to sixty-eight percent. Some hospitals reached almost one hundred percent.
Early results from one thousand patients showed a drop in complications and deaths. Doctor Gawande says the checklist has helped him in his own surgery. A final version of the list is expected by the end of the year.

单选题 What is the suggested effort mentioned in this passage to prevent deaths and injuries in hospital operation?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】题干考查文章提到的减少手术中的死亡和伤害的建议，定位到第二段最后一句：The United Nations agency hopes to reduce mistakes with a program built around a new Surgical Safety Checklist联合国机构希望通过建立一个新的全方位的手术安全检测表程序来减少错误的发生，由此可见，此题的正确答案是B。
单选题 How many steps are there for the new Surgical Safety Checklist carried out by the United Nations agency?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】由题干关键词“steps”定位到第八段第一句：The third and final part of the checklist is completed before the patient leaves the operating room(第三和最后一步要在病人离开手术室之前完成)，由此句谓语is来判断主语应该是单数，即第三和最后一步是同一步，因此我们可判断手术安全检测表一共有三步，正确答案是B。
单选题 What is the first step of the Checklist supposed to be?
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】由题干关键浏“first step”定位到第六段第三句：The very first step is to confirm the patient's identity and the operation to be performed第一步需要确认病人的身份以及要进行的手术。可见，A项符合文意，该题正确答案为A。
单选题 What is the purpose for the third and final part?
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】由提干关键词“third and final step”定位到第八段，该段尾句：surgical equipment is counted to make sure nothing unnecessary stays in the patient清点手术器材以免其遗留在病人体内，C为正确答案。
单选题 Which of the following is NOT true according to this article?
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】第四段第一句：In two thousand four, surgical complications in developed countries led to death in less than one percent of cases. In developing countries, the rate was five to ten percent(2004年，在发达国家因外科手术并发症致死的比率是百分之一，发展中国家高达百分之五到十)，问题发生的比率在发达国家要比发展中国家低，选项A的说法不符，因此陔题选A。