In our increasingly complex world, information is becoming the basic building block of the society. (46) However, at a time when the acquisition of new scientific information alone is approaching a rate of 250 million pages annually, the tide of knowledge is overwhelming the human capability of dealing with it. So man must turn to a machine if he hopes to contain the tide and channel it to beneficial ends. (47) The electronic computer, handling millions of facts with the swiftness of light, has given contemporary meaning to Aristotle"s vision of the liberating possibilities of machines: "When looms weave by themselves, man"s slavery will end." By transforming the way in which he gathers, stores, retrieves, and uses information, this versatile instrument is helping man to overcome his mental and physical limitations. (48) It is vastly widening his intellectual horizon, enabling him better to comprehend his universe, and providing the means to master that portion of it lying within his reach. Although we are only in the second decade of electronic date processing, the outlines of its influence on our culture are beginning to e merge. (49) Far from depersonalizing the individual and dehumanizing his society, the computer promises a degree of personalized service never before available to mankind. By the end of century, for the equipment of a few dollars a month, the individual will have a vast complex of computer services at his command. Information utilities will make computing power available, like electricity, to thousands of users simultaneously. (50) The computer in the home will be joined a national and global computer system that provides services ranging from banking and travel facilities to library research and medical care. High-speed communication devices, linked to satellites in space, will transmit data to and from virtually any point on earth with the ease of a dial system.
【正确答案】正确答案:然而,在新的科学情报资料每年以二亿五千万页的速度积累的时代,知识的洪流正淹没人类对付它的能力。
【答案解析】解析:这是一个简单复合句。句子主干部分是...the tide of knowledge is overwhelming the human capability...;when引导的定语从句修饰time,从句的主干是the acquisition...is approaching a rate...、翻译此句的难点在于确定词义,句中time意为"时代"而不是"时间";acquisition意为"获得,获得物",此处应转译为动词"积累";approach意为"接近于,靠近",在译文中,为符合汉语的表达习惯,用减译法,没有译出此词;tide本意为"潮水",tide of knowledge可转译为"知识的海洋,知识的洪流";overwhelm意为"淹没,倾覆"。
【正确答案】正确答案:以光一般的速度处理千百万信息的电子计算机已给亚里士多德关于机器可以解放人力的构想赋予了现代意义。他曾说:"当织布机自己织布的时候,人类的奴役将告终"。
【答案解析】解析:此句是一个简单句。句子的主干部分是The electronic computer....has given contemporary meaning to Aristotle"s vision…;of后面的成分作宾语vision的补足语,引号里的内容也是vision的补足语。句中facts意为"信息";vision本意为"幻想,想象",这时译作"构想";loom意为"织布机"。在翻译方法上,此句主要采用了"分译法"和"增译法",为使译文易于表达,将这个长句分为两句来译,把引号里的内容分译为一句;为使结构紧凑,在译分词短语时,加译了"以…一般的",the liberating possibilities of machines也增译为"机器可以解放人力"。
【正确答案】正确答案:电子计算机正大大扩大人类的知识视野,使人类能更好地了解宇宙,从而为人类能征服涉及到的那部分宇宙提供了工具。
【答案解析】解析:这个句子是含有两个并列分句的简单句。句子的主干是It is widening his intellectual horizon,enabling…,and providing…;分词短语enabling...和providing…是表示结果意义的状语。句中的it指代"电子计算机",his,him都是指代"人类的,人类",为使语义明确,须把指代的内容一一译出。句中intellectual horizon意为"知识视野";that portion of it lying within his reach中指代the universe,意为;人类能涉及到的那部分宇宙"。两分词短语之间,按其内在的逻辑关系,增译了连词"从而"。
【正确答案】正确答案:计算机不仅远远不会使个人失去个性,也不会使人类社会失去人性,相反地,可指望计算机在某种程度上完成前所未有的拟人活动。
【答案解析】解析:此句是简单句。句子主干为"...the computer promises...personalized service...";句中for from depersonalizing...是状语。此句的难点在于如何理解原文的意义,用符合汉语习惯的表达方式表达出原文所要传达的信息。首先,要确定词义,在depersonalize,dehumanize两词中,personalize和humanize分别意为"赋予人性,使人格地",和"使人性地",加上表示否定的前缀de-后,两词分别意为"失去个性"和"失去人性";personalized service原意为"人格化服务",这里译作"拟人活动";promise意为"有望",此引译为"可指望"。在翻译方法上,主要采用了"分译法"和"增译法",把分词短语译为一并列分词,增加了主语,并根据句子的内在逻辑关系,增译转折词"相反"和连接词"不仅不会…也不会";此外,还采用了"正说反译法",把far from的否定意味译出,使译文成为双重否定句。
【正确答案】正确答案:家用计算机将和国内和全球的计算机网络联系在一起,从银行业、旅游便利设施到图书馆查阅和看病医疗,提供各种服务项目。
【答案解析】解析:此句为简单复合句。句子主干部分是The computer...will be joined to a...computer system...;that引导的定语从句修饰system。句中computer system应译作"计算机网络",range意为"在…范围之内",此处,由于语义已很明确,所以采用了"减译法",没有译出该词的意义;travel facilities意为"旅游便利设施"。在翻译方法上,主要采用了"分译法",把定语从句分译为一个分句,使表达更加清楚。