单选题
Developing reliable software on time and within{{U}}
{{U}} 51 {{/U}} {{/U}}represents a difficult endeavor for many
organizations. Usually business solutions have three main
aspects:people,{{U}} {{U}} 52 {{/U}} {{/U}}, and technology.The
main reason for failing software projects has little to do with technology and
tools, and much to do with lack of process{{U}} {{U}} 53
{{/U}} {{/U}}. Experience has shown that introducing new technology and tools
in an immature or undisciplined environment is likely to increase the chaos.
CASE tools are not enough. "A fool with a tool is still a fool!"
Structured method was the first wave of the software industry. This was
the beginning of transforming software development from a "{{U}} {{U}}
54 {{/U}} {{/U}}industry" to mass production.Software process movement
if the second wave in the software industry.The process maturity movement
prepares the way for the third wave of the software industry: "software
industrialization". Software development will become like an assembly and
manufacturing process. A critical enabling factor is a disciplined software
engineering process with predictable quality,{{U}} {{U}} 55
{{/U}} {{/U}}and functionality.
单选题
A. forecast
B. preparation
C. budget
D. economy
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】
单选题
A. process
B. skill
C. organization
D. interface
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】
单选题
A. law
B. discipline
C. plan
D. evaluation
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】
单选题
A. college
B. family
C. workshop
D. cottage
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】
单选题
A. plan
B. schedule
C. effort
D. product
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[解析] 对很多组织来说，在给定的时间和预算范围内开发可靠的软件，意味着艰难的努力。
业务解决方案通常有三个方面，分别是人员、过程和技术，软件项目失败的主要原因与技术和工具几乎没有关系，大部分是因为缺乏过程定义。经验表明，在一个不成熟或者没有定义的环境引进新技术和工具，只能是乱上加乱。CASE工具并不意味着一切，正如：“A fool with a tool is still a fool!”。
结构化方法掀起了软件产业的第一次浪潮，是从作坊式工业(cottage industry，家庭手工业)到大规模生产的转变的开端。软件过程改进是软件产业的第二次浪潮，且过程成熟为软件产业的第三次浪潮(软件工业化)铺平了道路。软件开发将如装配和制造过程一 般，而要做到这一点，一个重要的因素就是需要一个具有可预测的质量、进度和功能的，已定义的软件工程过程。