单选题
Most earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earth's surface. But earthquakes can and do occur at all (1) to about 460 miles. Their number (2) as the depth increases. At about 460 miles one earthquake occurs only every few years. Near the surface earthquakes may run as high as 100 times in a month, but the (3) average does not vary much. (4) comparison with the total number of earthquakes each year, the number of (5) earthquakes is very small. The (6) of the disaster in an earthquake (7) on many factors. If you carefully build a toy house with an erector set, it will still stand no matter (8) much you shake the table. But if you build a toy house with a pack of cards, a slight (9) of the table will make it fall. An earthquake in Agadir, Morocco, was not strong enough to be recorded on distant instruments, but it completely (10) the city. Many stronger earthquakes have done (11) little damage. If a building is well-constructed and built on (12) ground, it will resist an earthquake. Most deaths in earthquakes have been due to (13) building construction or poor building (14) . A third and very serious factor is (15) . When people rush out into narrow streets, more deaths will (16) . The United Nations has played an important part in (17) the damage done by earthquakes. It has sent a team of experts to all countries known to be affected by earthquakes. Working with local geologists and engineers, the experts have studied the (18) of the ground and the type of most practical building code for the local area. If (19) , these suggestions will make disastrous earthquakes (20) a thing of the past.
【答案解析】词义辨析题。powerful意为“强大的,有力的”,huge意为“巨大的,极大的”,dangerous意为“危险的”,disastrous意为“损失惨重的”。在文章的最后一段提到these suggestions will make disastrous earthquakes...,根据同词复现原则,应选D。该句意为“与每年发生的地震总数相比,造成重大灾难的地震次数非常少”。
【答案解析】词义辨析题。cancel意为“取消,删去”,weaken意为“削弱”,prevent意为“阻止,防止”,reduce意为“减少,缩小”。结合句意“联合国在______地震造成的损坏方面起了重要的作用”和下文提到的a thing of the past“成为历史”可知,此处需要填入表示“减少,缩小”之意的词,可先排除A和C。weaken指“削弱,使……变弱”,通常指把力量等变弱而不能指减少损坏力度,故应选D。
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】词义辨析题。nature意为“自然,本性,种类”;identity意为“身份,特性”;quantity意为“数量”;trait意为“显著特点,遗传特征”,多用于有生命的物体。结合句意“专家们和当地地质学家、工程师合作,研究了地表______和最适用于当地建筑的代码类型”可知,填入的词与type相对应,故选A。the nature of the ground为常用搭配,意为“地表的特征”。
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】短语搭配题。license意为“许可,特许”,allow意为“允许,承认”,follow意为“追随,遵循”,neglect意为“忽视”。上文提到专家们的工作,本句中suggestions是填入的词的逻辑宾语,根据句意“如果______,这些建议将会使地震灾害成为历史”,选C。follow the suggestions意为“遵循这些建议”。