单选题 In earlier centuries, nursing care was usually provided by volunteers who had little or no training--most commonly men and women of various religious orders. Toward the end of the 18th century nursing was considered an unsuitable occupation for "proper" young women, undoubtedly due to the fact that hospitals in those days were dirty places where patients usually died. As a result, those who provided nursing care were commonly persons who could not find work elsewhere.
Modern nursing began in the mid-19th century with the appearance of the Nightingale training schools for nurses. In the United States, the Spanish-American War and, later, World War I established the need for more nurses in both military and civilian life. As a result, nursing schools increased their enrollments, and several new programs were developed. In 1920 a study recommended that schools of nursing be independent of hospitals and that students no longer be exploited as cheap labor. Following this, several university schools of nursing were opened. During the depression of the 1930s, many nurses were unemployed, and the number of schools declined. World War II, however, brought about another increased demand for nurses. Since the end of World War II, technological advances in medicine and health have required nurses to become knowledgeable about sophisticated equipment, to learn about an increasing number of medications, and to design nursing care appropriate for the health care delivery system during a period of rapid change.

单选题 Which of the following is the most appropriate title for this passage?

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】从材料的第一段“In earlier centuries”“Toward the end of the l8th”第二段的“Modern nursing began in the mid-19th century…”和第三段的“During the depression of the 1930s，…”可以发现文章是以时间为主线来讲述 nursing这一职业的，所以答案选A。

单选题 From the first paragraph, we know that nurses social status is very ______ .

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】根据文中“nursing was considered an unsuitable occupation for 'proper' young women. (护理被认为是不适合年轻女人的工作。)”和“were dirty places”及“were commonly persons who could not find work elsewhere”来看，妇女的地位当时很低。

单选题 Because, of ______ , nursing schools increased their enrollments, and several new programs were developed.

单选题 In the sentence "Since the end of World War II, technological advances in medicine and health have required nurses to become knowledgeable about sophisticated equipment.", here "sophisticated" can be replaced by ______ .

单选题 It can be inferred from the information contained in the passage that ______ .

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】根据文章最后一段“Since the end of World War II, technological advances in medicine and health have required nurses to become knowledgeable about sophisticated equipment, to learn about an increasing number of medications, and to design nursing care appropriate for the health care delivery system during a period of rapid change.”知道现在对护士要求很高，所以选B项。这句话的意思是“自从二战以来，医疗和健康上的先进技术需要护士了解复杂的装备，学习日益扩展的医陪知识，并在病情快速发展的时期内设计护理计划以适合健康治疗系统。