单选题The following questions present a sentence, part of which or all of which is underlined. Beneath the sentence, you will find five ways of phrasing the underlined part. The first of these repeats the original; the other four are different. If you think the original is best, choose the first answer; otherwise choose one of the others. These questions test correctness and effectiveness of expression. In choosing your answer, follow the requirements of standard written English; that is, pay attention to grammar, choice of words, and sentence construction. Choose the answer that produces the most effective sentence; this answer should be clear and exact, without awkwardness, ambiguity, redundancy, or grammatical error.
单选题Having accounted for only 13 percent of the student body at Northlake High, students who attended Megalopolis Middle School dominate the Northlake High student government. A. Having accounted for B. With C. Despite having been D. Although accounting for E. As
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】The underlined passage should suggest that the dominance of student government by a group representing a small minority of the total student body is contrary to expectations, thus C or D. The past tense of C, however, does not agree with the present tense "dominate" used later in the sentence, so D is the best choice.
单选题
Because the key witness died just prior to the start of the trial, Detectives Mack and Smith were not able in determining the extent of administrative corruption. A. Detectives Mack and Smith were not able in determining the extent of B. therefore the detectives, Mack and Smith, were unable to determine the extent of C. Mack and Smith, the detectives, were not able of determining the extent to D. Detectives Mack and Smith were not able to determine the extent of E. the extent was unable to be determined by Detectives Mack and Smith of
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】The "were not able in determining" of A and the "were not able of determining" in C are unidiomatic, so A and C are out. The passive voice of E--"unable to be determined"--is stylistically inferior to the active voice used in B and D, so E is out unless there are more serious problems with B and D. The use of "therefore" in B is redundant following the "because" at the beginning of the sentence, so B is out. D is the clearest and most standard of the options.
单选题
Health Department statistics demonstrate that children reading high on glucose with family histories of diabetes are twice as likely as the general population to develop diabetes. A. reading high on glucose with family histories of diabetes B. with high glucose readings whose families have a history of diabetes C. with high glucose readings and who have a diabetic history in the family D. having high glucose readings and also having histories of diabetes in their family E. with a history of diabetes running in the family and with high glucose readings
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】Answer B is the clearest and most concise formulation of the intended statement. The construction "reading high" in A is awkward; C is incorrect because "a diabetic history" is awkward; D is incorrect because "having high glucose readings" is stylistically inferior to "with high glucose readings;" E is less concise than B.
单选题
Medical experts have amassed evidence concluding that users of smokeless tobacco be more prone to heart disease, hypertension, and mouth cancers than people who do not use smokeless tobacco. A. be more prone to heart disease, hypertension, and mouth cancers B. are proner to heart disease, hypertension, and mouth cancers C. are more prone to heart disease, hypertension, and mouth cancers D. experience heart disease, hypertension, and mouth cancers at heightened rates E. suffer heart disease, hypertension, and mouth cancers at a higher risk
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】"be more prone" (A), "are proner" (B), and "at heightened rates than" (D) are all grammatically incorrect, while statement E does not really make sense; statement C is the clearest and most standard wording.
单选题
Chef Sylvia Bostock's eclectic offerings at her new restaurant, Sylvia's, range from an Asianinspired tuna tartelette in a soy-ginger demiglace with a succulent cowboy rib-eye served atop a small mountain of fried onions. A. with B. to C. in addition to D. and E. and to
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】The idiomatic construction here is "{subject} ranges from X to Y." B completes the construction.
单选题
The governing board of the new league has modified its rules so that pre-existing teams can stay together even though not all their members meet the new minimum age requirement. A. not all their members meet the new minimum age requirement B. the new minimum age requirement has not been met by all their members C. not all their members have met the new minimum age, as required D. all their members have not met the new minimum age requirement E. all their members do not meet the new minimum age requirement
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】A is grammatical and idiomatic, so it is the best choice. A is preferable to B because B uses the passive voice and because the present tense used in A, "not all.., meet", corresponds better with the preceding verb phrase "can stay together" than the past tense used in B. A is preferable to C because A uses the present tense and because the final phrase, "as required" in C is somewhat awkward. D and E are incorrect because they imply that no one meets the requirements, rather than just some of the members.