【答案解析】
In the dynasty of Ming (1368—1644), thanks to its social, political and economic stability, culture and art were so advanced that there appeared some region-centered celebrated painters and schools with distinct painting systems. During that period, all the painting categories have got all-round development.
In the mid-term of Ming dynasty (1506—1620), with the development of industry and commerce, Suzhou, a textile industry center, gradually developed into a prosperous metropolis in the regions south of the Yangtze River. The culture was flourishing and there was also a galaxy of scholars. The painters here became the main force of the painting circles. Many literati and officialdom travelling around entertained themselves with painting and inherited and developed the tradition of literati painting with focus on interest and significance of ink and wash. Among some well-known painters are Shen Zhou, Wen Zhengming, Tang Yin and Qiu Yin.
The painting in Ming Dynasty concentrated on traditional landscape, flowers and birds while there were scarce figure paintings which only depicted portrait and funny life of emperor and empress. Till the late Ming dynasty (approximately 1628—1644), some fresh changes were around the corner. Xu Wei further improved the ink painting, freehand brush work, bird-and-flower painting. His painting characterized by directly expressing his feelings thus producing inspiring artistic appeal.
[解析]
明代(1368—1644)社会政治经济稳定，文化艺术更加发达，出现了一些以地区为中心的名家与流派，各成体系，各个画科都得到全面发展。
本句可分为三层，第一层是“明代(1368—1644)社会政治经济稳定，文化艺术更加发达”，表明文化产业发达。第二层是“出现了一些以地区为中心的名家与流派，各成体系”，写具体表现。第三层是“各个画科都得到全面发展”，写总结性的影响。
In the dynasty of Ming (1368—1644), thanks to its social, political and economic stability, culture and art were so advanced that there appeared some region-centered celebrated painters and schools with distinct painting systems. During that period, all the painting categories have got all-round development.
句中的“各成体系”在汉语中是动宾结构，在翻译时，为避免句子冗长，使结构紧凑，这里使用意译的策略，译为“各自独立的体系”，即“distinct system”，表现出了“各具特色”的意思。
明代中期(1506—1620)，随着工商业的发展，作为纺织业中心的苏州逐渐成为江南富庶的大都市，文化繁荣，文人荟萃，此地区画家逐渐成为画坛的主力。
本句子可分为三层，第一层是“随着工商业的发展，作为纺织业中心的苏州逐渐成为江南富庶的大都市”，写苏州的社会经济背景。第二层是“文化繁荣，文人荟萃”，写苏州文化的发展。第三层“此地区画家逐渐成为画坛的主力”，写前两层大背景的结果。
这里的“江南”指的是“长江以南地区”，不能直译为“southern region of river”，应译为“in the regions south of the Yangtze River”。
In the mid-term of Ming dynasty (1506—1620), with the development of industry and commerce, Suzhou, a textile industry center, gradually developed into a prosperous metropolis in the regions south of the Yangtze River. The culture there was flourishing and there was also a galaxy of scholars. Gradually, the painters became the main force of the painting circles in Suzhou.