单选题 Leadership and management are both necessary on projects. One definition of managing is that it involves producing key results expected by stakeholders, whereas leaderships involves ______ .

A、 establishing direction, aligning people, and motivating and inspiring others
B、 getting things done through other people
C、 using charismatic power to motivate others to be productive
D、 using all types of power, as appropriate, as motivational tools

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 领导和管理在项目上都是必需的。管理的一个定义是产生项目干系人预期的主要结果, 而领导包括: ______ 。 A) 确立方向, 安排人员, 激励和鼓励他人 B) 通过他人把事情做完 C) 通过个人魅力来提高他人的生产效率 D) 视情况而定, 使用所有类型的权力作为激励工具选项A是PMBOK书上的原文——领导的三个作用。