语法与词汇 For members of the seventeenth-century Ashanti nationin Africa, animal-hide shields with wooden frames wereessential items of military equipment, a method to protectwarriors against enemy arrows and spears.
【正确答案】protecting
【答案解析】划线前的句子成分完整， 后接现在分词相当于非限制性定语， 常用逗号分开。 protecting表示“盾牌” 用来保护勇 士奋勇 杀敌， 避免敌人的矛和箭的攻击。