问答题 When a teacher says "it"s so hot in here" during a class, what does she probably mean? Refer to the theory of pragmatics when you analyze the situation.(人大2002研)
【正确答案】正确答案:This utterance would be semantically ambiguous if it was seen isolatedly without any context of situation. Its interpretation has to rely on the context in which it was uttered. There could be generally two types of situation in which this utterance could happen. One may be that it is summer; the teacher just came into the class and was sweating heavily. The other may be that in class the students are quite active towards the questions or problems the teacher has posed, for example, discussing in group, or debating in a large scale. According to the cooperative principle, in our conversation, in order to be cooperative, that is, to make his intentions to be known by the hearer, the speaker will try to make his conversational contribution such as is require, at the stage at which it occurs. Therefore, according to the third maxim of cooperative principle, RELATION, which says "be relevant" , the utterance could be interpreted differently as follows: In the first situation, when the students hear the teacher saying "it"s so hot in here" , they would probably assume that the teacher is obeying the cooperative principle, and what he says is relevant to the context, which is that the teacher is sweating, and maybe accompanied by fanning herself with his hand. Therefore, what the teacher means is probably that the temperature is high. What"s more, if the windows in the classroom are closed, this utterance will go further to be an implication of an request for opening the windows. In the second situation, the students would assume that the teacher should have observed the maxim of relation, since it is under normal circumstances. Given the context in which the students are discussing or debating about certain questions furiously, the hearer would tend to interpret the teacher"s utterance as; "you are discussing(or debating)so actively" , which implies a praise for the active participation of the students in class activity.
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