【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】[听力原文] Let children learn to judge their own work A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time. If corrected too much, he will stop talking. He compares a thousand times a day the difference between language as he uses it and language as those around him use it. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people's. In the same way, kids learning to do all the other things they learn without adult teachers, to walk, run, climb, ride a bike, play games, compare their own performance with what more skilled people do, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to detect his mistakes. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him. Soon he becomes dependent on the expert. We should let him do it himself. Let him figure out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what is the answer to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or that. If right answers need to be given, as in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such tedious work? Our job should be to help children when they tell us that they can't find a way to get the right answer. How does a child learn to do something according to the speaker? 根据选项中的“by+v.-ing”结构，可推断本题可能问某人做某事的方式。录音提到，孩子是通过将自己的表现和其他做得更好的人的表现进行比较，并慢慢做出改变来学做事情的，并不需要成年老师，故本题答案为D。A的praise“表扬”在录音中未被提及；B“观察老师做什么”和C“不断被成年人纠正”跟录音中的they learn without adult teachers相冲突，均应排除。