单选题   SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
    In this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
    PASSAGE ONE
    (1) When Tess Vigeland came home from work and cried in her backyard for three hours, she knew it was time to leave her job. Then she turned in her notice the following week.
    (2) With her recently published book, 'Leap: Leaving a Job with No Plan B to Find the Career and Life You Really Want,' she is encouraging people to make similar moves. While doing so certainly involves some risk, Vigeland says it doesn't mean being reckless. 'I'm not saying, 'Leave a job without bothering to think about the consequences,'' she says, adding that doing some financial planning in advance is important. Saving, trimming expenses and picking up freelance work are just a few of the ways to make leaving your job more manageable financially.
    (3) Indeed, Vigeland says that as the economy appears to recover, more and more people are looking to walk away from being an employee in order to pursue big dreams, self-employment, travel or other opportunities. If you are considering a similarly big change, Vigeland suggests you keep the following in mind:
    Scrutinize your finances.
    (4) Vigeland recommends considering your current expenses and income, including from alternate sources, such as a partner's salary or freelance work, to consider whether you can cover your basic living costs without your primary income. 'I did some calculations with my husband and we figured his salary could pay the mortgage with me not working at all,' she says. In addition, she planned to take on freelance work so her income would not go to zero. 'I also knew I had a large retirement account that I could tap into if I had to, and home equity,' she adds. Adjust your lifestyle
    (5) After leaving her job in public radio, Vigeland's income the following year was just one-third of what it had been previously, which meant she and her husband had to cut certain expenses from their budget. 'We didn't go out to dinner as much, we didn't go on big vacation trips and we just did a lot of road trips around California, and that was fine,' she says.
    Redefine retirement
    (6) Vigeland hasn't contributed much to her retirement accounts since she left her full-time job, and she's OK with that. 'I stopped living for retirement. I don't want to stop working at age 65. I'm 46 now, and I hope I'm working for the next 30 years,' she says. Instead of saving money for retirement and saving your adventures for old age, Vigeland suggests traveling and living on less now, when you can enjoy it even more.
    Save up before quitting
    (7) Vigeland wishes she had saved more money before leaving her job, and it's something she encourages others to do now. 'I felt pressure to be churning out dollars and getting a paycheck, and I think better savings, even three months, would have saved me from a lot of that,' she says. Instead of scrambling to pick up freelance assignment as soon as possible after quitting, she could have taken her time more.
    (8) While leaving a steady job does come with some financial risk, Vigeland says the benefit is that it offers the chance to dream big about your next steps. 'It allows you to think about possibilities outside of what you would automatically assume. When you're in a job, it's hard to have the time to explore and think about what other options might be out there for you,' she says.
    PASSAGE TWO
    (1) Over the years, so many exceptions and amendments were made to China's one-child policy that it was hard to pinpoint a moment to pronounce it dead. But Thursday's announcement that all Chinese couples will be allowed two children is as good a moment as any to write the obituary(讣告) for this controversial policy: China's one-child policy died on October 29th, 2015. It was thirty-five years old.
    (2) Xinhua, the official news agency, reported that China will 'fully implement a policy of allowing each couple to have two children as an active response to an aging population,' but said the implementation and timing would be up to the provinces.
    (3) Demographers have long warned that, because of the one-child policy, the Chinese economy will be hobbled by a shortage of workers. China's fertility rate, estimated by the World Bank in 2013 to be 1.7 births per woman, is below the replacement rate of 2.1. One in ten Chinese is now over the age of sixty-five, and that number is likely to double by mid-century. By 2022, India will become the world's most populous nation, surpassing China, according to the population division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs.
    (4) Baby-related stocks reacted Thursday with the giddiness of, well, toddlers. Chinese companies that make strollers, car seats, baby formula, and baby food all advanced, according to the Wall Street Journal.
    (5) Beyond that, though, the near-term impact might be mainly symbolic. By switching to a 'two-child policy', the Chinese government has signaled that it does not intend to dismantle its family-planning infrastructure. Restrictions will still apply, especially to unmarried couples and single mothers; families that want more than one child will still need to go through an application procedure, although it will be simplified.
    (6) The English-language China Daily reported on Friday that ninety million Chinese couples will be eligible to have a second child, but it appears likely that only a fraction will choose to do so. In late 2013, the government announced that adults who had grown up without siblings would be permitted to have two children, but, of the eleven million eligible citizens, only 1.5 million have applied. In an online survey conducted by Sina News on Thursday, which received a hundred and seventy-four thousand responses, only twenty-nine per cent of couples said they would like to have a second child. 'Only if the government raises my salary' was a typical response of those who said they would not.
    PASSAGE THREE
    (1) The old saying of never forgetting a pretty face might be untrue as psychologists believe beautiful people are less likely to be recognized. A new study suggests that attractiveness can actually prevent the recognition of faces, unless a pretty face is particularly distinctive.
    (2) German psychologists think the recognition of pretty faces is distorted by emotions. Scientists at the University of Jena, Germany, discovered that photos of unattractive people were more easily remembered than pretty ones when they showed them to a group of people. Researchers Holger Wiese, Carolin Altmann and Stefan Schweinberger from the university, wrote in their study: 'We could show that the test subjects were more likely to remember unattractive faces than attractive ones, when the latter didn't have any particularly noticeable traits.'
    (3) For the study, which was published in science magazine Neuropsychologia, the psychologists showed photos of faces to test subjects. Half of the faces were considered to be more attractive and the other half as less attractive, but all of them were being thought of as similarly distinctive looking. The test subjects were shown the faces for just a few seconds to memorize them and were shown them again during the test so that they could decide if they recognized them or not.
    (4) The scientists were surprised by the result. 'Until now we assumed that it was generally easier to memorize faces, which are being perceived as attractive, just because we prefer looking at beautiful faces,' Dr. Wiese said. But the study showed that such a connection cannot be easily sustained. He assumes that remembering pretty faces is distorted by emotional influences, which enhance the sense of recognition at a later time. The researchers' idea is backed up by evidence from EEG-recordings (脑电图记录) which show the brain's electric activity, which the scientists used during their experiment.
    (5) The study also revealed that in the case of attractive faces, considerably more false positive results were detected. In other words, people thought they recognized a face without having seen it before. 'We obviously tend to believe that we recognize a face just because we find it attractive.' Dr. Wiese said.
    PASSAGE FOUR
    (1) For more than fifty years, eating at fast-food restaurants has been an almost clinically impersonal experience: the food is rapidly prepared, remarkably cheap, utterly uniform, and served immediately.
    (2) I asked a woman Davis working at Sweetgreen, the destination of which is fast and delicious food made with organic ingredients sourced from local farmers, if they ever patronized McDonald's or similar restaurants. She shuddered and said nothing. After a brief silence, another worker Nguyen owned up to eating at McDonald's once or twice a month, but not for a Big Mac or French fries. 'They have some surprisingly good food these days,' she said in a confessional whisper. 'But I would never be seen walking down the street with a McDonald's bag in my hand.' I asked why. 'Shame,' she replied. 'I don't know anyone who would feel differently.'
    (3) Speed and convenience matter as much as ever to American diners. But increasingly people also demand the information that places like Sweetgreen offer. They want to know what they are eating and how it was made; they prefer to watch as their food is prepared, see the ingredients, and have a sense of where it all came from. And they are willing to pay more for what they perceive to be healthier fare.
    (4) When I asked Dan Coudreaut, the company's executive chef and vice-president of culinary innovation, what mattered most to McDonald's, taste, price, or efficiency, he sighed. 'Our main job is to create value for our shareholders, for our company, for our restaurateurs,' he said. 'We are not a nonprofit organization and we are not married to any one area. We are married to being a successful business. Society is shifting in a major direction, so guess what—McDonald's is going to shift, too.'
    (5) The company is trying everything it can to win back deserters. Last month, in keeping with prevailing desires and current nutritional wisdom, McDonald's abandoned margarine for butter. The company announced recently that it would stop selling chickens that have been raised with antibiotics that could affect human health, and milk from cows that had been treated with growth hormones. They introduced low-calorie 'artisan grilled chicken' sandwiches and, this month, began serving breakfast all day—fulfilling a request that the Egg McMuffin crowd has been making for years. McDonald's has also jumped on the seasonal-food bandwagon (潮流), having sold about thirty-seven million Cuties, the brand of clementines that come with Happy Meals.
    (6) McDonald's describes all these changes as an attempt to 'reassert' itself as 'a modem, progressive burger company.' Nonetheless, daunting questions hover over its ambitious agenda, and over the entire industry. Can traditional restaurant chains, indelibly branded as places to eat cheap food fast, switch to healthier fare and stay profitable? And to what degree can companies like Sweetgreen thrive by offering a fresher, more nutritious alternative?
单选题     Vigeland gives the following suggestions for people who plan to leave their jobs, except ______. (PASSAGE ONE)
 
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】理解题。本题考查Vigeland对打算离职的人提出的建议。原文中，Vigeland共提出了四条建议，分别是仔细检查你的资产、调整你的生活方式、重新定义退休和辞职前进行储蓄。本题的四个选项中，B项“努力保持原来的生活方式”与原文建议的调整生活方式是不相符的，故选B。 [参考译文] (1)当泰丝·维吉兰下班回到家在后院哭了三个小时之后，她知道是时候辞掉她的工作了。接下来的那周她就递交了辞呈。 (2)在她最近出版的著作《飞跃：无后备方案辞职，寻找你真心喜欢的职业与生活》中，她鼓励人们采取类似的行动。维吉兰说，这样做当然会有风险，但是这并不意味着轻率鲁莽。她说：“我并不是说，‘都懒得考虑后果就离职’。”她还补充道，提前做一些财务规划很重要。节俭、削减开支以及从事自由职业就是一些能让你的离职在经济上更有保障的方法。 (3)维吉兰说，事实上，当经济出现复苏迹象的时候，越来越多的人正打算离职，以便追求更大的梦想、自我创业、旅游或其他机会。如果你正考虑做出类似的重大改变，维吉兰建议你将下面的内容谨记于心： 仔细检查你的资产 (4)维吉兰建议要鉴于你现如今的开支和收入——包括其他的收入来源，例如伴侣的工资或从事自由职业的收入，来考虑如果没了你的主要收入来源，你能否支付自己的基本生活费用。“我和丈夫算了算，我们发现在我完全不工作的情况下他的工资能够支付房屋抵押贷款，”她说。此外，她计划接自由职业的工作，这样她的收入就不会是零。她补充说：“我还知道，在迫不得已的时候，我还有一大笔退休金可以利用，还有房屋净值资产。” 调整你的生活方式 (5)在辞去公共广播电台的工作以后，维吉兰接下来一年的收人仅是之前的三分之一，这就意味羞她和丈夫不得不从他们的预算中削减一定的支出。她说：“我们出去吃饭的次数少了，也不再花费很多钱去长途旅行，而只是在加利福尼亚周边自驾游，这样也不错。” 重新定义退休 (6)从维吉兰辞去全职工作之后，她往退休账户存的钱就不多了，不过她也能接受这一点。“我不再为了退休而活了。我不希望在65岁时就不工作了。我现在46岁，我希望接下来的30年里可以继续工作，”维吉兰建议在可以享受更多乐趣的时候，在旅行和生活方面少花费一些，而不要为了存退休金而将所有探险都留到老了以后。 辞职前进行储蓄 (7)维吉兰希望她在离职之前存了更多的钱，而现在这也是她鼓励其他人去做的事。“在快速挣钱和拿到薪水这方面我感觉到了压力，我觉得有更多的储蓄，即使是三个月，都能让我从这方面解脱很多，”她说。她本可以更从容一些的，而不是着急尽可能快地去做自由职业。 (8)尽管离开一份稳定的工作会带来一些经济风险，维吉兰说好处是它能为你提供大胆梦想下一步的机会。“它允许你去思考你习惯性思维以外的那些可能性。当你有一份工作时，很难有时间去探索和思考除此之外的其他选择，”她说。
单选题     Which of the following statements is TRUE about Vigeland? ______ (PASSAGE ONE)
 
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】细节理解题。原文中并未提到Vigeland被鼓励在离职之前存钱，故A项不正确；原文中提到Vigeland wishes she had saved more money before leaving her job，此句为虚拟语气，表示她希望她原可以存更多的钱，也就是说，事实上她并未这样做，因而B项表述错误，D项表述正确；原文中并没有说Vigeland在辞职前从事过自由职业，因而C项表述与原文不符，可排除。
单选题     In which year China's one-child policy was issued? ______ (PASSAGE TWO)
 
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】细节题。本题考查中国的独生子女政策是在哪一年出台的。原文第一段重点讲述了中国独生子女政策的取消和放开二胎。其中提到中国的独生子女政策在2015年10月29日终结了，它已走过三十五年的历程。由2015年往前推算35年，可知该政策是在1980年颁布的，故选B。 [参考译文] (1)多年以来，中国的独生子女政策经历了许多的特殊情况和修订，以至于很难确定一个时刻来宣告它的终结。本周四关于中国将允许所有夫妇生育两个孩子的公告是为这个备受争议的政策写讣告的最好时刻了：中国的独生子女政策在2015年10月29日终结了。它已走过三十五年的历程。 (2)据官方通讯社新华社报道，中国将“为积极应对人口老龄化全面实行允许一对夫妇可生育两个孩子的政策，”但据说具体的执行以及时间安排会由各省决定。 (3)人口学家很早就警告过，由于独生子女政策，中国的经济发展会因劳动力短缺而受到阻碍。据世界银行2013年时所做的估计，中国的人口出生率为每位妇女生育1.7个孩子，低于2.1这一生产等值替换率。现在十分之一的中国人在六十五岁以上，而这一数字很可能在本世纪中期的时候翻倍。据联合国经济和社会事务部人口司预计，到2022年，印度将取代中国，成为世界第一大人口大国。 (4)本周四与婴儿相关的股票像学步孩童一般摇晃不稳。据《华尔街日报》报道，那些生产婴儿车、儿童汽车座椅、婴儿配方奶粉和婴儿辅食的中国公司的股票全部都上涨了。 (5)然而，除此之外，近期的影响可能主要是象征性的。中国政府已经通过转向“二胎政策”发出信号：不打算废除其计划生育基础架构。限制仍旧会有，尤其是对未婚夫妇和单身妈妈来说；虽然手续会简化，那些想要生育多于一个孩子的家庭仍旧需要走申请手续。 (6)英文版《中国日报》于周五报道，九亿中国夫妻符合生育二胎的条件，但是看起来似乎只有一小部分人会选择这样做。2013年底，政府宣布没有兄弟姐妹的成年人允许有两个孩子，但是，在符合条件的一千一百万中国公民中，只有一百五十万人申请了。新浪新闻在周四的一个在线调查问卷中收到了17.4万人的回复，只有29%的夫妻表示他们愿意要二胎。“除非政府给我涨工资”是那些表示不会生二胎的人的典型反应。
单选题     What is the main concern for those who would not have a second child? ______ (PASSAGE TWO)
 
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】细节题。本题考查那些不要二胎的人的主要顾虑。文中指出二胎政策放开之后，并没有那么多人计划生育第二个孩子。随后用新浪新闻的一个问卷调查来证明这一观点，在提及那些不愿生育二孩的夫妻时，作者提到他们的一个普遍回答是“除非政府给我涨工资”，由此可见，这些人的顾虑主要来自经济方面，四个选项中只有C选项表达的是他们没有足够的经济能力负担第二个孩子，与原文相符，故选C。
单选题     Which of the following is INCORRECT about China's population situation? ______ (PASSAGE TWO)
 
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】理解题。原文第二段中提到中国为了积极应对人口老龄化而全面实行允许一对夫妇可生育两个孩子的政策，但是第五段首句提到，然而，除了相关股票上涨之外，该政策近期的影响可能主要是象征性的。由此可知，新的生育政策并不会在短期内让人口老龄化问题得到解决，因此D项表述错误，故选D。
单选题     What can be inferred from the new study? ______ (PASSAGE THREE)
 
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】细节题。本题考查原文中提到的新研究所揭示的内容。第一段第二句指出，一项新的研究表明，吸引力会降低面孔的辨识度，除非是非常与众不同的漂亮面孔。四个选项中只有D项表述符合原文，故选D。 [参考译文] (1)漂亮的脸蛋令人难忘这则古老的格言恐怕并不正确，因为心理学家们认为外表美丽的人反而不容易被认出来，一项新的研究表明，吸引力实际上会降低面孔的辨识度，除非是非常与众不同的漂亮面孔。 (2)德国心理学家认为，漂亮面孔的辨识度被情感歪曲了。德国耶拿大学的科学家发现，在他们给一组人展示照片的时候，相对于相貌美丽的人的照片，长相不佳的人的照片更容易被记住。该大学的研究人员霍尔格·维斯、卡洛琳·阿尔特曼和斯蒂芬·施文贝尔格在研究中写道：“在面容较好的脸孔没有突出特点的情况下，我们可以证实测试参与者更容易记住面容较差的脸孔，而非面容较好的。” (3)在这项发表在科学杂志《神经心理学》的研究中，心理学家向测试参与者展示了很多不同面孔的照片。这些照片中有一半被认为比另一半更具吸引力，但所有这些照片的面部特征明显程度相似。这些照片会被展示给被测者几秒钟，以让他们识记，在测试期间，这些照片会再次呈现给他们，以便让他们判定自己是否能辨认出这些照片。 (4)科学家对结果感到惊讶。维斯博士说：“在此之前，我们一直觉得记住那些被认为有吸引力的面孔会更容易，这仅仅是因为我们更喜欢看漂亮脸蛋。”但研究显示，这样的关联无法轻易维持。他认为，对于漂亮脸蛋的记忆被情感因素所歪曲了，这些情感因素会在之后的时间里加强这种认同感。研究人员的想法得到了脑电图描记器提供的证据的支持。科学家在研究中运用脑电图描记器显示了脑电活动。 (5)研究还表明，当受试者看到漂亮脸蛋时，脑电图描记器会捕捉到数量可观的虚假正向反应。换言之，人们以为自己认出了一张照片，而实际上这张照片他们之前没有见过。维斯博士说：“很显然，我们都倾向于相信，我们认出一个面孔是因为我们觉得它好看。”
单选题     What does 'false positive results' (Line 1, Para. 5) mean? ______ (PASSAGE THREE)
 
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】细节题。本题考查原文中提到的false positive results的含义。原文第五段第一句提到，当被测者看到漂亮脸蛋时，脑电图描记器会捕捉到数量可观的虚假正向反应。由第二句中的in other words可知，此句是对第一句的解释说明，故问题的答案蕴含在第二句中。该句意为，人们以为自己认出了一张照片，而实际上这张照片他们之前没有见过。由此可知，C项表述符合原文，故选C。
单选题     When eating at a restaurant, people increasingly want to know the following information except ______. (PASSAGE FOUR)
 
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】细节题。本题考查在餐厅吃饭时人们希望了解到的信息。文中提到现如今人们对餐厅的要求正在发生变化，他们希望吃饭时能得到相关的信息，其中包括他们吃的是什么以及是如何制作出来的；他们更想看到食物是如何准备出来的，能看到原料，能知道这些原料是从何而来。因此A、C和D三项都是人们希望了解的信息，只有B选项在原文中并未提及，原文只是提到人们愿意为更健康的食物花更多的钱。因此正确答案为B。 [参考译文] (1)五十多年来，在快餐馆吃饭几乎已经成为一种着实没有人情味的经历：食物准备迅速，价格低廉，菜色统一，上菜快。 (2) Sweetgreen的宗旨是提供由本地农民供应的有机原料制作的美味快餐。我问在Sweetgreen工作的一位名叫戴维斯的女子，问他们是否曾经常光顾麦当劳或其他类似的餐厅。她耸了耸肩，什么都没说。另外一位名叫纽伦的店员在短暂的沉默之后承认她每个月会在麦当劳吃上一到两次，但是不吃巨无霸或炸薯条。“它们近期有一些快餐产品出奇的好吃，”她用一种忏悔的低语说道。“但是我永远不会拿着麦当劳的袋子在街上走。”我问为什么。“羞愧，”她回答。“我所认识的人都是这种感觉。” (3)速度和便利性对美国人来说一如既往地重要。但是人们也渐渐地想知道像Sweetgreen这种地方提供的那些信息。他们希望知道自己吃的是什么以及是如何制作出来的；他们想看到食物是如何准备出来的，能看到原料，能知道这些原料是从何而来。而且他们愿意为那些他们认为更健康的食物花费更多。 (4)丹·库德罗是公司负责烹饪创新的行政总厨兼副经理，当我问他什么对麦当劳来说是最重要的，口味、价格还是效率，他叹了口气。“我们的主要工作是为我们的股东、公司和我们的餐厅创造价值，”他说：“我们不是非营利组织，我们也没有与任何一个领域结合。我们是结合了一个成功的商业。社会正在向一个重大的方向变化，那么猜猜看——麦当劳也会做出改变。” (5)公司正千方百计使顾客回心转意。为了与流行的大众心理以及现在的营养观保持一致，麦当劳于上个月放弃了人造黄油，而开始使用黄油。公司近期宣布将停止销售那些用可能危害人类健康的抗生素饲养的鸡，以及打过生长激素的牛产的牛奶。它们引进了低卡路里的“工匠烤鸡”三明治，本月，它们开始全天供应早餐——满足了蛋麦满分人群多年以来的要求。麦当劳还赶上了应季食物的潮流，随开心乐园餐一起卖出了三千七百万小柑橘。 (6)麦当劳将所有这些改变称为一个将自己重新定位为“一个现代的、进步的汉堡公司”的尝试。尽管如此，令人头疼的问题依然盘旋在其野心勃勃的日程以及整个行业之上。传统餐厅连锁店不可磨灭地被标榜为吃廉价快餐的地方，它们能否提供健康食物且保持盈利?而诸如Sweetgreen这样的公司通过提供更新鲜更有营养的替代食物又能获得何种程度的发展?
单选题     What did McDonald's do in order to win back the customers? ______ (PASSAGE FOUR)
 
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】细节题。本题考查麦当劳为重新赢回顾客所做的努力。文中提到，麦当劳放弃用人造黄油而代之以黄油，因此A项不正确；原文中提到了应顾客长久以来的要求开始全天供应早餐，因此B项不正确；文中还提到麦当劳停止销售那些用可能危害人类健康的抗生素饲养的鸡，因此D项不正确；只有C项描述的开始售卖类似小柑橘这样的应季食物是符合原文的，故选C。
单选题     What is the author's attitude toward the shift of the fast food industry? ______ (PASSAGE FOUR)
 
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】推断题。本题考查作者对快餐行业现在的改变有何看法。本文以麦当劳为例，讲述了快餐行业为顺应顾客对健康的要求所做的改变，文章提到，尽管快餐行业做了很多努力，但令人头疼的问题仍旧存在。并最后提出两个问题：传统餐厅能否提供健康食物且保持盈利?通过提供更新鲜更有营养的替代食物能获得何种程度的发展?由此可见，作者对文中讲述的这些改变最终的结果是不确定的(uncertain)，故选D。
单选题     SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
    In this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO more than TEN words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
    According to Vigeland, what can you do in order to make your resign more manageable in finance? (PASSAGE ONE)
 
【正确答案】
【答案解析】细节题。文章第二段提到维吉兰鼓励人们在做好计划的前提下辞职，该段最后一句指出，节俭、削减开支以及寻找自由职业的工作只是一部分能让你的离职在经济上更有保障的方法。因此答案为Saving, trimming expenses and picking up freelance work。
单选题     What does the word 'dismantle' (Line 2, Para. 5) mean? (PASSAGE TWO)
 
【正确答案】
【答案解析】理解题。本题考查原文第五段中用到的dismantle一词的含义。原文第五段提到，中国颁布了“二胎政策”，但是仍然存在限制，尤其是对未婚夫妇和单身妈妈来说，而且那些想要生育不止一个孩子的家庭仍需走申请程序，虽然手续会简化，由此可见，dismantle所在的句子意在说明中国并没有打算废除其家庭计划生育基础架构，因而dismantle与abolish同义，意为“废除”。
单选题     According to Dr. Wiese, why did they think it is easier to memorize beautiful faces? (PASSAGE THREE)
 
【正确答案】
【答案解析】细节题。本题考查根据科学家所言，他们认为漂亮的面孔更容易记住的原因。原文第四段前两句提到，科学家对结果感到惊讶。维斯博士说：“在此之前，我们一直觉得记住那些被认为有吸引力的面孔会更容易，这仅仅是因为我们更喜欢看漂亮脸蛋。”由此可知，在维斯博士看来，他们认为漂亮的面孔更容易记住的原因在于他们更喜欢看漂亮的面孔。答案可以表述为Because they preferred looking at beautiful faces.
单选题     How does Nguyen feel when eating fast food? (PASSAGE FOUR)
 
【正确答案】
【答案解析】理解题。本题考查Nguyen对待吃麦当劳等快餐的态度。文中提到与Sweetgreen店员的谈话，其中Nguyen表示，自己永远不会拿着麦当劳的袋子在街上走，原因是出于羞愧(shame)，可见Nguyen对于吃快餐食品是感到羞愧的。
单选题     In the opinion of McDonald's executive chef, what matters most to the company? (PASSAGE FOUR)
 
【正确答案】
【答案解析】理解题。本题考查对麦当劳来说最重要的是什么。文中提到麦当劳为顺应潮流挽回顾客做了许多尝试，当问及其行政总厨什么最重要时，他回答说Our main job is to create value for our shareholders, for our company, for our restaurateurs...We are not a nonprofit organization...即其主要的任务是为股东、公司和餐厅创造价值，他们毕竟不是非营利机构。也就是说，对公司来说价值或者说利润是最重要的，因此本题答案为Profit matters the most to McDonald's。