【正确答案】Sociolinguistics of society and sociolinguistics of language are related but not identical perspectives of observation on the relationship between language and society.
If we want to know more about a given society or community by examining the linguistic behavior of its members, we are doing a sociolinguistic study of society. That is, we are doing sociolinguistics at a macro level of investigation. At this level of discussion things that we are interested in include bilingualism or multilingualism, language attitudes, language choice, language maintenance and shift, language planning and standardization, vernacular language education, etc.
On the other hand, if we want to know more about some linguistic variations in language use by turning to potential sociocultural factors for a description and explanation, we are doing a sociolinguistic study of language. Consequently, at this level of discussion we are more interested in examining micro linguistic phenolnena such as structural variants, address forms, gender differences, discourse analysis, Pidgin and Creole languages, and other more language related issues.

【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查语言与社会关系的两个研究视角：语言社会学和社会语言学，同时考生也应把握语言与文化、语言与认知等语言研究的重要问题。