单选题 Jonas Frisen had his eureka moment in 1997. Back then, scientists suspected that there was a special type of cell in the brain that had the power to give rise to new brain cells. If they could harness these so-called neural stem cells to regenerate damaged brain tissue, they might someday find a cure for such brain diseases as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. But first they had to figure out where neural stem cells were and what they looked like. Frisen, then a freshly minted Ph. D. at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, was peering through his microscope at some tissue taken from a rat's injured spinal cord when he saw cells that appeared to have been enervated by the injury, as though they were busy making repairs. Frisen thought these might be the neural stem cells scientists had been looking for. It took him six years of painstaking research to make sure.
Frisen is quick to emphasize that his research is basic and that treatments are years off. But the findings so far hint at extraordinary potential. Two years ago he identified neural stem cells in the adult human brain, And he's now researching the mechanisms by which these cells grow into different types of brain cells. Rather than growing brain tissue in a petri-dish and implanting it in, say, the forebrain of a Parkinson's patient, doctors might someday stimulate the spontaneous growth of new neural cells merely by administering a drug. "It sounds like science fiction," Frisen says, "but we can already do it in mice." In 2007 he will publish the results of his recent experiments. He's isolated a protein in the mouse brain that inhibits the generation of nerve cells. Using other chemicals, he's been able to block the action of this inhibitor, which in turn leads to the production of new brain cells.
Frisen honed his analytical mind at the dinner table in Goteborg, in southwest Sweden. His mother was a mathematics professor and his father was an ophthalmologist. Frisen went to medical school intending to be a brain surgeon or perhaps a psychiatrist, but ended up spending all his free time in the lab. In 1998 he got seed money from a Swedish venture capitalist to set up his own company, NeuroNova, to commercialize his work. A private foundation tried to lure him to Texas, but Swedish businessman Marcus Storch persuaded him to stay by funding a 15-year professorship at Karolinska, covering his salary and the running costs of his 15-person lab. "Jonas Frisen stood out from all candidates by far," says Storch, whose Tobias Foundation sponsors stem-cell research. "He is something of a king in Sweden." Two years ago two more venture capitalists helped the company expand by hiring a CEO and setting up a separate lab.
Since most researchers are interested in stem cells taken from embryos, the practice has attracted considerable controversy in the past few years. Frisen has benefited indirectly from research restrictions in the United States, which have driven funds and brain-power to Singapore, the United Kingdom and Sweden. The Bush Administration currently forbids U. S. -funded work on all but 78 approved stem-cell cultures, many of which are located outside the country. In just one sign of the times, the U. S.-based Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation recently announced grants totaling $20 million for stem-cell research—the largest award yet given to the field by a medical charity—to research institutes in Sweden and elsewhere, but not in the United States.
Since Frisen doesn't work with embryonic stem cells, he's unwittingly become a champion of the radical right, which argues that scientists ought to concentrate solely on adult stem cells. He happens to disagree. "It would be overoptimistic or outright stupid," he says. "To really understand adult cells, we need to master how embryonic stem cells work." But what really gets Frisen going is when people ask him when they can expect a drug for Parkinson's and other diseases. "I say, five decades, just to get the number thing out of the way," he quips. "I'm not going to oversell this." When pressed, he admits that clinical trials might begin in five years. That would be a eureka moment worth waiting for.

单选题 The word "enervated" in the first paragraph probably means

A. weakened.
B. demolished.
C. vitalized.
D. enlivened.

单选题 According to the passage, what does the author think of Frisen's findings?

A. They enable cells to make repairs.
B. They are elementary achievements.
C. They have a limited application prospect.
D. They imply and show great potential.

单选题 Which of the following statements is TRUE of Frisen?

A. He was encouraged by his parents to do research on stem-cells.
B. He founded a company on drug research in Karolinska.
C. He was considered the best person on stem-cells research.
D. After graduation, he did what he had intended to do.

单选题 As to the stem-cell research, the Bush Administration's attitude is one of

A. skepticism.
B. disapproval.
C. ambivalence.
D. prudence.

单选题 On which of the following aspects does Frisen disagree with some radicals?

A. Whether research should be done on embryonic stem cells.
B. Whether research should be done on adult stem cells.
C. When should people expect a drug for Parkinson's.
D. When should clinical trials of stem-cells research begin.

单选题 The main idea of the passage is

A. Jonas Frisen's research has incurred much criticism from radical right.
B. Jonas Frisen's research on stem-cells hints at extraordinary potential.
C. Jonas Frisen is trying to cure Parkinson's and other neural diseases.
D. Jonas Frisen's research will relieve many patients of their sufferings.