阅读理解 Running may be the single most effective exercise to increase life expectancy, according to a new review and analysis of past research about exercise and premature death. The new study found that, compared to non-runners, runners tended to live about three additional years, even if they run slowly or sporadically and smoke, drink or are overweight. No other form of exercise that researchers looked at showed comparable impacts on life span.
The findings come as a follow-up to a study done three years ago, in which a group of distinguished exercise scientists scrutinized data from a large trove of medical and fitness tests conducted at the Cooper Institute in Dallas. That analysis found that as little as five minutes of daily running was associated with prolonged life spans.
After that study was released, the researchers were inundated with queries from fellow scientists and the general public, says Duck-chul Lee, a professor of kinesiology at Iowa State University and co-author of the study. Some people asked if other activities, such as walking, were likely to be as beneficial as running for reducing mortality risks.
High-mileage runners wondered if they could be doing too much, and if at some undefined number of miles or hours, running might become counterproductive and even contribute to premature mortality.
And a few people questioned whether running really added materially to people' s life spans. Could it be, they asked rather peevishly, that if in order to reduce your risk of dying by a year, you had to spend the equivalent of a year' s worth of time on the trails or track, producing no discernible net gain?
So for the new study, which was published in March in Progress in Cardiovascular Disease, Lee and his colleagues set out to address those and related issues by reanalyzing data from the Cooper Institute and also examining results from a number of other large-scale recent studies looking into the associations between exercise and mortality.
Over all, this new review reinforced the findings of the earlier research, the scientists determined. Cumulatively, the data indicated that running, whatever someone's pace or mileage, dropped a person's risk of premature death by almost 40%, a benefit that held true even when the researchers controlled for smoking, drinking and a history of health problems such as hypertension or obesity.

单选题 26.It is implied in Paragraph 1 that runners______.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】推断题。根据题干关键词定位到文章第一段。A项跑步者“跑得很慢或三天打鱼两天晒网”和C项跑步者“喜欢喝酒和抽烟”均与文中even if they nan slowly or sporadically and smoke，drink不相符，在文中仅仅是一种让步的表述，故错误。D项“过健康的生活”并未在文中提及，因此错误。通过原文compared to non-runners，runners tended to live about three additional years可知，B项符合题意，故本题选B。

单选题 27.The analysis of the medical and fitness tests showed that______.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】细节题。根据题干关键词定位到文章第二段最后一句That analysis found that as little as five minutes of daily running was associated with prolonged life spans。A项意为“每天跑步在延长寿命方面扮演着重要角色”，其中played an important role是对was associted with的同义替换，故正确。B项多了totally一词，过于绝对，故错误。C项意为“每天跑步不能降低死亡风险”，其与文中第三段最后一句as beneficial as running for reducing mortality risks相悖，故错误。D项意为“每天跑步可以增强人们的幸福感”，其在文中不能找到相关信息，因此错误，故本题选A。

单选题 28.The following aspects are the reasons why the researchers were inundated with queries EXCEPT that______.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】细节题。根据题干关键词定位到文章第三段。A项意为“一些人想知道散步是否和跑步一样有益”，其是对该段最后一句Some people asked if other activities，such as walking，were likely to be as beneficial as running for reducing mortality risks的同义替换，故正确。B项意为“长距离跑步者想知道跑步是否可导致过早死亡”，其是对第四段第一句的同义替换，故正确。C项是第五段第一句的内容，故正确。D项关键词calmly意为“冷静地”，该词与文章第五段第二句关键词peevishly(暴躁地)意思相悖，因此错误，故本题选D。