单选题
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
One of the most important features that distinguish reading from listening is the nature of the audience. {{U}}(67) {{/U}} the writer often does not know who will read what he writes, he must {{U}}(68) {{/U}} to be as clear as possible. Time can be taken to plan the piece of writing so that it is eventually organized into some sort of {{U}}(69) {{/U}} sequence of events or ideas. When we speak, however, we normally have very little time to plan what we {{U}}(70) {{/U}} to say. Since we are actually {{U}}(71) {{/U}} our audience face to face we may {{U}}(72) {{/U}} some of the information we believe our audience shares. And the more {{U}}(73) {{/U}} we are with our audience, the more information we are likely to leave out. In any {{U}}(74) {{/U}} they can always stop and ask a question or ask for {{U}}(75) {{/U}} if we have left out too much. A reader, however, cannot do this but can at least attempt comprehension at his own speed; {{U}}(76) {{/U}}, he can stop and go backwards or forwards, {{U}}(77) {{/U}} to a dictionary or just stop and rest. When we listen we may have to work hard to {{U}}(78) {{/U}} out the speaker's thoughts by referring backwards and forwards while the speaker continues. As the speaker {{U}}(79) {{/U}} to organize his thoughts, he will use Filler phrases to give him time to plan. In spite of these fillers, he will {{U}}(80) {{/U}} make mistakes and repeat what he has already said. His speech will be characterized {{U}}(81) {{/U}} a limited range of grammatical patterns and vocabulary and the use of idioms to {{U}}(82) {{/U}} some general meaning quickly. It should be clear, then, that the listener has to take an active {{U}}(83) {{/U}} in the process by ignoring the speaker's {{U}}(84) {{/U}} and mistakes, and by seeking out the main idea information through recall and prediction. To keep the process going {{U}}(85) {{/U}} he also has to inform the speaker that he has understood {{U}}(86) {{/U}} actually interrupting.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 本题测试两个分句之间的逻辑关系。从句说“______作者不知道谁是其作品的读者,因此,作者写作时应该尽量做到(表达得)越清楚越好”。选since表示原因,符合要求。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查动词辨义。空格处需要的意思是“尽量、努力、试图做”,故选attempt。其他选项的意思分别为:intend“打算”,propose“提议;建议”,expect“期望”。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查形容词辨义。句意是“将要写的事件或思想按______顺序组织起来”,logical“符合逻辑的”最合适。其他选项的意思分别为:lawful“合法的”,historical“历史(学)的”,natural“自然的”。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查上下文词义搭配。就语法而言,B和C都可以填入空格。但只有C符合题意,即:说话与写作不同的是,说话时没有多少时间来安排我们想说的内容。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查动词辨义。address是及物动词,意思是“向……讲话”。其他选项的意思分别为:appeal“呼吁;恳求;上诉”,advertise“做广告”,convince“使相信;使明白”。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查形似动词辨义。此处的动词应该与后面一句中的leave out同义,故选omit“遗漏,省略”。其他选项的意思分别为:submit“呈递,提交”,commit“犯罪;犯错;承诺;使自己受约束;托付;交付”,admit“承认;许可进入”。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查形容词辨义。familiar“熟悉的”,与with搭配,符合句义和语法;其他选项的意思分别为:different“不同的”,accurate“精确的”,identical“同一的”。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查固定短语in any case“无论如何,总之”的识别。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查形似词辨义。clarification“阐明”,符合句义:“如果说话人省略信息太多,听众可以要求其明确说明”。其他选项的意思分别为:simplification“简化”,classification“分类”,qualification“资历”。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查上下文逻辑关系。that is to say意思是:“也就是说”。它所引出的分句是对分号前一分句的解释。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查固定短语辨义。根据宾语a dictionary,选refer to“查阅,参考”。其他选项与介词to搭配后的意思分别为:yield to“让步于,屈服于;使自己受到……的支配”,adapt to“适应”,prefer后面的to不是介词,而是不定式符号。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 此处的动词与副词out搭配,后接thoughts作宾语,语法和语义均符合要求的是sort“分类;整理”。其他选项与out搭配后的意思分别为:run out“用完,耗尽”,fill out“填(写)”,count out“逐一数出,大声数;不把……考虑在内”。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 根据后面的信息“说话人需要time to plan”,可知organize his thoughts不是件容易事,故选struggles。其他选项的意思分别为:conform“遵守,符合”,conflict“抵触,冲突”,survive“幸存,活下来”。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查上下文逻辑。句意为:“尽管说话人采取一些交际手段和技巧,他说话时仍然要犯错”。B符合题意。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查动词与介词搭配。be characterized by可视为固定搭配,意为“具有……的特征”。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查动宾搭配。选项中除了negotiate“谈判;协商;议定”外,汉语解释中都有一个“传”字,但transmit指的是“传输/发射信号,传播疾病”,convey指的是“传达感情、思想”,conduct指的是“传导热、导电;引导,带领”,根据宾语meaning,选convey。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查固定短语的识别。take an active part in为固定短语,意为“积极参与”。role要与play搭配,即play a role in“在……中起作用”。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 根据80题之后的make mistakes and repeat,此处选repetitions“重复”。其他选项的意思分别为:organization“组织”,limitation“限制”,competition“竞争”。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查副词与动词语义搭配。本句意为:为了整个说话过程顺利进行,听者应该不打断说话就让说话者知道自己听懂了他的意思。go smoothly表示“顺利进行”。其他选项的意思分别为:regularly“有规律地”,peacefully“和平地”,fluently“(说话)流利地”。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查介词用法,根据上一题的句意分析,此处应该选without。