【正确答案】 1、正确答案： Revoicing is a term used to refer to one of the two main techniques used in the translation of audio-visual material such as films and television programmes. It is defined as the process in which " the foreign dialogue is adjusted to the mouth movements of the actor in the film" and which is designed to give the impression that the } actors whom the audience see are actually speaking in the TL(target language). Subtitling is also a term used to refer to one of the two main methods of language transfer used in translating types of mass audio-visual communication such as film and television. First used in 1929, subtitling can be defined as the process of providing synchronized captions for film and television dialogue(and more recently for live opera). Subtitling can be interlingual or intralingual(e. g. for the deaf), open(i. e. forming part of the original film or broadcast)or closed(i. e. broadcast separately and accessibly, for example by means of teletext). The differences between revoicing and subtitling are as follows. A dubbed film can be said to be less authentic than one with subtitles. Revoicing is less flexible than subtitling in that it is harder to add explanations. It is considerably more expensive than subtitling and also takes longer to perform. On the other hand, a revoiced film demands less cognitive effort from the viewer than one with subtitles. Moreover, revoicing generally involves less compression of the message than subtitling. Furthermore, in certain societies, revoicing is favored for nationalistic reason as a way of naturalizing an imported film and at the same time somehow minimizing its foreign, possibly subversive influence by completely concealing the original dialogue.