单选题 A wise man once said that the only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing. So, as a police officer I have some urgent things to say to good people.
Days after days my men and I struggle to hold back a tidal wave of crime. Something has gone terribly wrong with our proud American way of life. It has happened in the area of values. A key ingredient is disappearing, and I think I know what it is: accountability.
Accountability isn"t hard to define. It means that every person is responsible for his or her actions and liable for their consequences.
Of the many values that hold civilization together—honesty, kindness, and so on—accountability may be the most important of all. Without it, there can be no respect, no trust, no law—and, ultimately, no society.
My job as a police officer is to impose accountability on people who refuse, or have never learned, to impose it on themselves. But as every policeman knows, external controls on people"s behavior are far less effective than internal restraint such as guilt, shame and embarrassment.
Fortunately, there are still communities—small towns, usually—schools maintain discipline and where parents hold up standards that proclaim: "In this family certain things are not tolerated—they simply are not done!" Yet more and more, especially in our large cities and suburbs, these inner restraints are loosening. Your typical robber has gone. He considers your property his property; he takes what he wants including your life if you enrage him.
The main cause for this break-down is a radical shift in attitudes. Thirty years ago if a crime was committed, society was considered the victim. Now in a shocking reversal, it is the criminal who is considered victimize: by his underprivileged upbringing, by the school that didn"t teach him to read, by the church that failed to reach him with moral guidance, by the parents who didn"t provide a stable home.
I don"t believe it. Many others in equally disadvantaged circumstances choose not to engage in criminal activities. If we free the criminal, even partly, from accountability, we become a society of endless excuses where no one accepts responsibility for anything.
We in America desperately need more people who believe that the person who commits a crime is the one responsible for it.
单选题 What the wise man said suggests that ______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 推理题。智者说,邪恶要想取得胜利,唯一必要的因素就是好人什么都不要做;也就是说,好人不作为的话,邪恶就会横行。综观全文,作者论述的也是这一观点。因此选择B项。
单选题 According to the author, if a person is found guilty of a crime ______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。根据题干定位到最后两段,作者说到从前人们谴责罪犯,而现在正好相反,似乎罪犯是受害者,人们认为是他的不幸身世或者不完善的学校教育或者教会的责任使他走上了犯罪的道路,但是作者不这么认为,他认为这样会导致人们丧失责任感,他认为罪犯应该因自己的罪行遭到谴责。
单选题 Compared those in the small towns, people in large cities have ______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。由题干定位到第六段。作者提到在一些小城镇仍然保有严明的学校纪律和家庭教育,而在大城市和市郊这种内在约束力变得散漫。即大城市里人的自律性比较差。
单选题 The writer is sorry to have noticed that ______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。由倒数第三段作者提到从前人们谴责罪犯,而现在则相反,人们认为罪犯是他不良成长环境的受害者,说明人们在宽恕罪犯。B项与题千意思相反,由第六段可知作者认为小城镇保有古老的纪律和价值标准是好的,C项也与作者的观点相反,事实上作者认为人们在宽恕罪犯正是由于公众对罪犯给予了更多的同情。D项错误,作者提到很多处在困境中的人并没有犯罪,说明并不是人遇到逆境都会犯罪,犯罪是缺乏责任感的表现。
单选题 The key point of the passage is that ______.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 主旨题。综观全文,作者的观点就是人们应该增加责任感,谴责罪行,才能减少犯罪。