【答案解析】The 5,000-year-long civilization is the source of pride of every Chinese. The traditional Chinese culture, both extensive and profound, starts far back and runs a long, long course. More than 2,000 years ago, there emerged in China Confucianism represented by Confucius and Mencius, Taoism represented by Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, and many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the history of Chinese thought, all being covered by the famous term "the masters" hundred schools".
The traditional Chinese culture presents many precious qualities, which are essentially populist and democratic. For example, they lay stress on the importance of kindness and love in human relations, on the interest of the community, on seeking harmony without uniformity and on the idea that the world is for all. Especially, patriotism as embodied in the saying "Everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country" ; the populist ideas that "People are the foundation of the country" and that "People are more important than the monarch" ; the code of conduct of "Don"t do to others what you don"t want others to do to you" [解析]
拥有五千年的文明史，这是我们中国人的骄傲。中华民族的传统文化博大精深、源远流长。早在两千多年前，就产生了以孔孟为代表的儒家学说和以老庄为代表的道家学说，以及其他许多也在中国思想史上有地位的学说流派，这就是有名的“诸子百家”。
中华民族传统文化有它的许多珍贵品质，许多人民性和民主性的好东西。比如，强调仁爱，强调群体，强调和而不同，强调天下为公。特别是“天下兴亡、匹夫有责”的爱国情操，“民为邦本”、“民贵君轻”的民本思想，“己所不欲，勿施于人”的待人之道。

【答案解析】Longtang is the local term used by Shanghai people to mean a lane that connects houses or a group of houses connected by lanes. In Longtangs, besides hawkings of snacks, there were hawkings of vegetables, live chicken and duck, and even of repairing shoes. Every sort of trades would have their own melodic tune in hawking, people could identify them by the tune. It reflects the culture, life-style and mentality of Shanghai people.
The houses in Longtangs are proximately attached to each other in rows, sharing the same front and back lanes. People living along the same lane had the habit of nodding or greeting each other when passing by. Some even had the mood to chat a little while. The advantages of the Longtang life lie in the good neighborhood relationship. "Good neighbors are more helpful than faraway relatives" proved to be true in Shanghai. As the city is now undergoing a large-scale reconstruction, those Longtangs of comparative good quality will be conserved. [解析]
“弄堂”在上海话里表示连接房子的巷子或由巷子连接的房子。在弄堂里除了有叫卖零食点心之外，还有叫卖青菜、活鸡活鸭的，补皮鞋之类。各行业有各自的呼唤声调，使人一听便知道是什么行业的人来了。它反映了上海人的文化、生活方式与心态。
由于弄堂房子家家户户紧挨着，共同分享屋前屋后的弄堂，平时出入照面时常会打个招呼或寒暄几句。它的优点是这里的生活富于邻里感，“远亲不如近邻”在这里最能体现。在上海正在进行着的大规模的城市改造中，有些质量较佳的弄堂将予保留。