单选题

Passage 5
With 950 million people, India ranks second to China among the most populous countries. But since China {{U}}(1) {{/U}} a family planning program in 1971, India has been closing the gap. Indians have reduced their birth rate but not nearly {{U}}(2) {{/U}} the Chinese have. If current growth rates continue, India's population will pass China's around the year 2028 at about 1.7 billion.
Should that happen, it won't be the {{U}}(3) {{/U}} of the enlightened women of Kerala, a state in southern India. {{U}}(4) {{/U}} India as a whole adds almost 20 million people a year, Kerala's population is virtually stable. The reason is no mystery: nearly two-thirds of Kerala women practice birth control, compared with about 40% in the entire nation.
The difference {{U}}(5) {{/U}} the emphasis put on health programs, including birth control, by the state authorities, {{U}}(6) {{/U}} in 1957 became India's first elected Communist government. And an educational tradition and matrilineal (母系的) customs in parts of Kerala help girls and boys get equally good schooling. While one in three Indian women is {{U}}(7) {{/U}},90% of those in Kerala can read and write.
Higher literacy rates {{U}}(8) {{/U}} family planning. "Unlike our parents, we know that we can do more for our children if we have fewer of them," says Laial Cherian, 33, who lives in the village of Kudamaloor. She has limited herself {{U}}(9) {{/U}} three children--one below the national {{U}}(10) {{/U}} of four. That kind of restraint will keep Kerala from putting added pressure on world food supplies.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】本题测试异义动词。discover意为“发现，发觉”；circulate意为“散布，流传”；launch意为“发动，开展”，指“开始从事、着手进行……事情或活动”；transmit意为“传送，传播”。所填之词的宾语是“family planning program(计划生育计划)”，所以应该选用launch。

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】本题测试短语。as many as意为“和……一样多”，修饰可数名词；as well as意为“和……一样好”，修饰动词；as soon as意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句；as much as意为“与……差不多”，修饰不可数名词。所填之词修饰的是rate(比率)，是不可数名词，所以应该选用as much as。

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】本题测试异义名词。force意为“力，力量”；fight意为“战斗，奋斗”；false意为“虚假的，虚伪的”，是形容词；fault意为“过错，责任”，指对错误或过失应负的责任。前面句子说“如果这一出生率持续下去的话，印度的人口将超过中国的人口”，本句话说“如果发生这种情况，也不是卡洛拉地区开明的女性的……”，应该是指过错，所以应该选用fault。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】本题测试引导词。while一般引导时间或让步状语从句；since一般引导时间或原因状语从句；because一般引导原因状语从句；suppose一般引导条件状语从句。所填之词应该是引导让步状语从句，所以应该选用while。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】本题测试短语。lie in意为“在于……，与……有关”；show off意为“炫耀，夸耀”；result in意为“导致，终于造成……结果”；depart from意为“违反，背离”。本句话是在说明卡洛拉地区与印度全国计划生育比率存在差异的原因，所以应该选用lie in。

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】本题测试引导词。that一般引导限定性定语、主语或宾语从句；since一般引导时间或原因状语从句；what一般引导主语或宾语从句；which一般引导限定性定语或非限定性定语从句。所填之词引导的是非限定性定语从句，修饰the state authorities，所以应该选用which。

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】本题测试异义形容词。cultural意为“文化的，文化上的”，指与文化有关的；literate意为“有文化的”，指有阅读和写作能力的；native意为“本地的，土生土长的”；responsible意为“可依赖的，负责的”。根据后面的“…90%，of those in Kerala can read and write．(90%的卡洛拉女性能够读、写)”可知，所填之词应该表示“有文化的”，所以应该选用literate。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】本题测试异义动词。foster意为“鼓励，促进”，指促进……的生长、发展等；hamper意为“妨碍，阻碍”；reform意为“改革，改良”，指通过改变、改正错误或消除缺点来改进；advocate意为“拥护，主张”。本句话讲的是高识字率与计划生育之间的关系，所以应该选用foster。