问答题
There are six questions in this section. For each question, you will be given a short time to prepare your response. When the preparation time is up, answer the question as completely as possible in the time indicated for that question. You should record your responses so that you can review them later and compare them with the answer key and scoring rubrics.
There are six questions in this section. For each question, you will be given a short time to prepare your response. When the preparation time is up, answer the question as completely as possible in the time indicated for that question. You should record your responses so that you can review them later and compare them with the answer key and scoring rubrics.
问答题
You will now be asked to speak about a familiar topic. Give yourself 15 seconds to prepare your response. Then record yourself speaking for 45 seconds.
Listen to Track 32.
Talk about a place you enjoyed going to or visiting when you were a child. Describe the place. Explain why you enjoyed it.
【正确答案】As with many of the independent items, there are many ways you could answer this question. It is important, however, to address both parts of the prompt. You should both describe a place you enjoyed and explain why you enjoyed this place.
You might begin by specifically naming the place you enjoyed and begin to describe it. This could be a place that you visited many times, such as an aunt's house or a nearby park, or it could be a place that you visited only once, such as a particular amusement park. Try to provide specific details in the description, such as the garden at your aunt's house. You might talk about what was growing there. Then you would need to provide reasons that explain why you enjoyed the place. In this case, you could say that you enjoyed working in your aunt's garden, or that you learned a lot about growing vegetables. The explanation is important because it helps listeners understand your general statements. It is better to provide one or two reasons and give full explanations than to provide a long list of reasons without explanation.
Your response should be intelligible, should demonstrate effective use of grammar and vocabulary, and should be well developed and coherent. Your response is scored using the Independent Speaking Rubric (see Appendix A).
【答案解析】[解析]
Narrator
Talk about a place you enjoyed going to or visiting when you were a child. Describe the place. Explain why you enjoyed it.
Narrator
Talk about a place you enjoyed going to or visiting when you were a child. Describe the place. Explain why you enjoyed it.
问答题
You will now be asked to give your opinion about a familiar topic. Give
yourself 15 seconds to prepare your response. Then record yourself speaking for
45 seconds.
Listen to Track 33.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Why or why not? Use details and examples to explain your answer.
It is more important to study math or science than it is to study art or literature.
Listen to Track 33.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Why or why not? Use details and examples to explain your answer.
It is more important to study math or science than it is to study art or literature.
【正确答案】To respond to this particular question, you should clearly state what your opinion is regarding the statement. Be sure to read the statement carefully to make sure you understand it. In this case, you would either agree or disagree that studying math or science is more important than studying art or literature. You should then give reasons to support your opinion. If you agree that math or science is more important, you might say that it is used in many important areas, such as engineering, and is necessary to make calculations when building structures, for example. You could also provide a personal example and say that you prefer math because it has helped you in certain situations, such as planning your personal finances. You may also want to make a statement about how art has not helped you as much.
If you disagree with the statement, you would also need to support this with specific information. One possibility is to say that math and science are not actually important because not many people need to know math very well. Most people need to know only a little math or science to do their jobs. Then you should provide an example of why art or literature is more important. There are many possibilities, and the specific example you choose is not important as long as it contributes to your argument. Your goal is for your listener to understand why you agree or disagree with the statement.
Your response should be intelligible, should demonstrate effective use of grammar and vocabulary, and should be well developed and coherent. Your response is scored using the Independent Speaking Rubric (see Appendix A).
【答案解析】[解析]
Narrator
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Why or why not? Use details and examples to explain your answer.
It is more important to study math or science than it is to study art or literature.
Narrator
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Why or why not? Use details and examples to explain your answer.
It is more important to study math or science than it is to study art or literature.
问答题
You will now read a short passage and listen to a conversation on the
same topic. You will then be asked a question about them. After you hear the
question, give yourself 30 seconds to prepare your response. Then record
yourself speaking for 60 seconds.
Listen to Track 34.
Starting this year, the university dining hall will be transformed into The Campus Dining Club for one week at the end of each semester. During the last week of each semester, the dining hall will feature special meals prepared by the university's culinary arts students. The school feels that this will give students who are studying cooking and food preparation valuable experience that will help them later, when they pursue careers. The university has announced that it will charge a small additional fee for these dinners in order to pay for the special gourmet food ingredients that will be required.
Listen to Track 35.
Listen to Track 34.
Campus Dining Club Announced
Starting this year, the university dining hall will be transformed into The Campus Dining Club for one week at the end of each semester. During the last week of each semester, the dining hall will feature special meals prepared by the university's culinary arts students. The school feels that this will give students who are studying cooking and food preparation valuable experience that will help them later, when they pursue careers. The university has announced that it will charge a small additional fee for these dinners in order to pay for the special gourmet food ingredients that will be required.
Listen to Track 35.
【正确答案】First, as the question states, you should provide a brief summary of the university's plan from the reading, which is to offer meals prepared by culinary arts students at the dining hall. You can also provide a brief summary of the reason that they are doing this, which is to provide cooking students with some experience. You should not, however, spend too much time on this summary. Your summary should be clear enough for the listener to understand the plan without having access to additional information.
After the summary, you should state the man's opinion of the university's plan. In this case, the man agrees with the university's proposal.
You should then convey the two main reasons he gives for holding that opinion. You will need to connect information from the conversation to the reading in order for the response to be complete. The man says that he agrees that a dining club will be good experience for cooking students because cooking for many people under pressure is different from cooking for classmates. You should go beyond simply saying that the man agrees that it will be good experience. You need to give the explanation for why he believes that.
Your response should also convey the man's second reason for agreeing with the university's plan. The man agrees that the extra cost students will pay for these dinners will be worth it. He believes this because the culinary arts students will cook meals that are as good as those served in nice restaurants in the area.
You should manage your time so that you are able to discuss the summary and give a full description of both reasons that the man provides.
Your response should be intelligible, should demonstrate effective use of grammar and vocabulary, and should be well developed and coherent. Your response is scored using the Integrated Speaking Rubric (see Appendix A).
【答案解析】[解析]
TRACK 34 TRANSCRIPT
Narrator
The university has announced a new policy regarding dining services. Read an article about it in the student newspaper. You have 50 seconds to read the article. Begin reading now.
TRACK 35 TRANSCRIPT
Narrator
Now listen to two students discussing the article.
Female student
Did you see that article?
Male student
Yeah—and it sounds like a great idea. It's really good for the students in that program.
Female student
Don't they cook in class anyway?
Male student
Well, yeah, they do... but my cousin was in the program a few years ago, and she said that it's very different to cook for a lot of people in that kind of atmosphere than to cook for classmates.
Female student
Why is that?
Male student
Well, in class you can take your time. But, cooking for more people, there's more pressure—I mean, you're in a rush, people are waiting... and it might be easy to make a mistake with all that stress...
Female student
Then they'll think you're a bad chef, right?
Male student
Absolutely!
Female student
So, OK, it's good practice. But what about the extra cost?
Male student
Well, look at it this way. You've eaten at some of the fancier restaurants in town, right?
Female student
Yeah, there are some great places to eat around here.
Male student
Well, these students... they'll be making fantastic meals. And it's gonna be cheaper than going out to one of those restaurants.
Female student
Much cheaper actually...
Male student
So, you know, it'll be worth it. The meals will be as good as the ones in those expensive restaurants.
Narrator
The man expresses his opinion about the plan described in the article. Briefly summarize the plan. Then state his opinion about the plan and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.
TRACK 34 TRANSCRIPT
Narrator
The university has announced a new policy regarding dining services. Read an article about it in the student newspaper. You have 50 seconds to read the article. Begin reading now.
TRACK 35 TRANSCRIPT
Narrator
Now listen to two students discussing the article.
Female student
Did you see that article?
Male student
Yeah—and it sounds like a great idea. It's really good for the students in that program.
Female student
Don't they cook in class anyway?
Male student
Well, yeah, they do... but my cousin was in the program a few years ago, and she said that it's very different to cook for a lot of people in that kind of atmosphere than to cook for classmates.
Female student
Why is that?
Male student
Well, in class you can take your time. But, cooking for more people, there's more pressure—I mean, you're in a rush, people are waiting... and it might be easy to make a mistake with all that stress...
Female student
Then they'll think you're a bad chef, right?
Male student
Absolutely!
Female student
So, OK, it's good practice. But what about the extra cost?
Male student
Well, look at it this way. You've eaten at some of the fancier restaurants in town, right?
Female student
Yeah, there are some great places to eat around here.
Male student
Well, these students... they'll be making fantastic meals. And it's gonna be cheaper than going out to one of those restaurants.
Female student
Much cheaper actually...
Male student
So, you know, it'll be worth it. The meals will be as good as the ones in those expensive restaurants.
Narrator
The man expresses his opinion about the plan described in the article. Briefly summarize the plan. Then state his opinion about the plan and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.
问答题
You will now read a short passage and listen to a lecture on the same
topic. You will then be asked a question about them. After you hear the
question, give yourself 30 seconds to prepare your response. Then record
yourself speaking for 60 seconds.
Listen to Track 36.
Advertisers in the past have used radio and television in an attempt to provide information about their products to large, general audiences; it was once thought that the best way to sell a product was to advertise it to as many people as possible. However, more recent trends in advertising have turned toward target marketing. Target marketing is the strategy of advertising to smaller, very specific audiences—audiences that have been determined to have the greatest need or desire for the product being marketed. Target marketing has proved to be very effective in reaching potential customers.
Listen to Track 37.
Using the professor's examples, explain the advertising technique of target marketing.
Listen to Track 36.
Target Marketing
Advertisers in the past have used radio and television in an attempt to provide information about their products to large, general audiences; it was once thought that the best way to sell a product was to advertise it to as many people as possible. However, more recent trends in advertising have turned toward target marketing. Target marketing is the strategy of advertising to smaller, very specific audiences—audiences that have been determined to have the greatest need or desire for the product being marketed. Target marketing has proved to be very effective in reaching potential customers.
Listen to Track 37.
Using the professor's examples, explain the advertising technique of target marketing.
【正确答案】To respond to this particular question you should first explain the technique of target marketing as it was presented in the reading. Target marketing is designing or creating advertising so that it appeals to a specific group of people.
You should then use the example given by the professor to explain the technique. The professor discusses how a telephone company may produce two very different advertisements to be shown during different television programs, even though the phone is basically the same. A commercial shown during young people's programming, such as a music show, would appeal to their interests, and would show how the phone is fun. On the other hand, a commercial shown during a business program would emphasize factors important to businesspeople, such as efficiency. This example by the professor illustrates the concept of target marketing.
You do not need to repeat all of the details from the reading and the lecture, but instead integrate points from both to answer the question completely.
Your response should be intelligible, should demonstrate effective use of grammar and vocabulary, and should be well developed and coherent. Your response is scored using the Integrated Speaking Rubric (see Appendix A).
【答案解析】[解析]
TRACK 36 TRANSCRIPT
Narrator
Read the passage about target marketing. You will have 45 seconds to read the passage. Begin reading now.
TRACK 37 TRANSCRIPT
Narrator
Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a marketing class.
Professor
Nowadays, something you notice more and more is television commercials that are made specifically for certain television programs. So, let's say a company wants to sell a telephone... a cell phone. Now, during TV shows that young people watch—you know, shows with pop music or teen serials—they create a commercial that emphasizes how fun the phone is. You know, the phone has bright colors, and they show kids having a good time with their friends. And, well, the company wants the kids watching TV at this time to want to buy this phone—this phone that's made especially for them.
But, the same company will make a different commercial to be shown during, say, a program about business or a business news show. Now, for this group of people, businesspeople, the company will have to show how efficient their phone is, how it can handle all business easily and maybe even save money. And here's the thing—it's basically the same phone; the company has just made two different commercials to appeal to different groups of people.
Narrator
Using the professor's examples, explain the advertising technique of target marketing.
TRACK 36 TRANSCRIPT
Narrator
Read the passage about target marketing. You will have 45 seconds to read the passage. Begin reading now.
TRACK 37 TRANSCRIPT
Narrator
Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a marketing class.
Professor
Nowadays, something you notice more and more is television commercials that are made specifically for certain television programs. So, let's say a company wants to sell a telephone... a cell phone. Now, during TV shows that young people watch—you know, shows with pop music or teen serials—they create a commercial that emphasizes how fun the phone is. You know, the phone has bright colors, and they show kids having a good time with their friends. And, well, the company wants the kids watching TV at this time to want to buy this phone—this phone that's made especially for them.
But, the same company will make a different commercial to be shown during, say, a program about business or a business news show. Now, for this group of people, businesspeople, the company will have to show how efficient their phone is, how it can handle all business easily and maybe even save money. And here's the thing—it's basically the same phone; the company has just made two different commercials to appeal to different groups of people.
Narrator
Using the professor's examples, explain the advertising technique of target marketing.
问答题
You will now listen to part of a conversation. You will then be asked a
question about it. After you hear the question, give yourself 20 seconds to
prepare your response. Then record yourself speaking for 60 seconds.
Listen to Track 38.
Listen to Track 38.
【正确答案】To respond to this particular question you should briefly describe the problem. It is enough to say that the woman has hurt her wrist and she's supposed to play the violin in a concert next week.
Next, you need to choose one of the two solutions and explain why you think that solution is best. The two solutions in this conversation are: 1) perform with the group anyway, or 2) have Jim take her place. It does not matter which of the two proposed solutions you choose, since there is no "right" solution or "wrong" solution. You should choose the solution that you think is best and support your choice with reasons why you think it is best. The reasons you give can include information provided by the speakers as well as your own experiences.
For example, if you believe the first solution is preferable, you could begin by saying that you think she should have the experience of playing in the big concert and that she would be disappointed if she didn't. You could also say that she will probably play fine. You could also speak about the disadvantages of the second solution; you might say that it is too much of a risk to ask Jim to replace her at such an important concert. Likewise, if you believe the second solution is preferable, you would state your preference for that and support it in a similar way, using specific reasons. Remember, this type of question can be answered in many different ways.
Your response should be intelligible, should demonstrate effective use of grammar and vocabulary, and should be well developed and coherent. Your response is scored using the Integrated Speaking Rubric (see Appendix A).
【答案解析】[解析]
Narrator
Listen to a conversation between two students.
Male student
Susan! What happened to your arm?
Female student
It's my wrist, actually—I sprained it last weekend. And I'm kind of upset about it, because I'm supposed to play the violin in my string quartet's big concert next week. We've been practicing for weeks. And we've already sold a bunch of tickets.
Male student
Oh, sorry to hear that. What are you gonna do?
Female student
Well, I was thinking about trying to play anyway. I mean, I really don't want to let the other three group members down. Plus the doctor said my wrist should be feeling better by then.
Male student
OK, so... problem solved, right?
Female student
Not exactly—I'm worried that I'm gonna be out of practice. Like, I haven't been able to play the violin since I sprained my wrist. What if I don't play well? I'd make the rest of the group sound bad.
Male student
Why don'tcha get somebody else to take your place?
Female student
Well, there's only one other person I know of who could do it, and that's Jim. He's a great violinist, and I'm sure he'd say yes.... The thing is, he's not very reliable. I mean, I'm in the orchestra with him and he's always showing up late for rehearsals.
Male student
Oh... so you're not sure you can depend on him.
Female student
Exactly. And we have less than a week left to rehearse for the concert. We'd really need him to show up on time for all our rehearsals.
Narrator
Briefly summarize the problem the speakers are discussing. Then state which of the two solutions from the conversation you would recommend. Explain the reasons for your recommendation.
Narrator
Listen to a conversation between two students.
Male student
Susan! What happened to your arm?
Female student
It's my wrist, actually—I sprained it last weekend. And I'm kind of upset about it, because I'm supposed to play the violin in my string quartet's big concert next week. We've been practicing for weeks. And we've already sold a bunch of tickets.
Male student
Oh, sorry to hear that. What are you gonna do?
Female student
Well, I was thinking about trying to play anyway. I mean, I really don't want to let the other three group members down. Plus the doctor said my wrist should be feeling better by then.
Male student
OK, so... problem solved, right?
Female student
Not exactly—I'm worried that I'm gonna be out of practice. Like, I haven't been able to play the violin since I sprained my wrist. What if I don't play well? I'd make the rest of the group sound bad.
Male student
Why don'tcha get somebody else to take your place?
Female student
Well, there's only one other person I know of who could do it, and that's Jim. He's a great violinist, and I'm sure he'd say yes.... The thing is, he's not very reliable. I mean, I'm in the orchestra with him and he's always showing up late for rehearsals.
Male student
Oh... so you're not sure you can depend on him.
Female student
Exactly. And we have less than a week left to rehearse for the concert. We'd really need him to show up on time for all our rehearsals.
Narrator
Briefly summarize the problem the speakers are discussing. Then state which of the two solutions from the conversation you would recommend. Explain the reasons for your recommendation.
问答题
You will now listen to part of a lecture. You will then be asked a
question about it. After you hear the question, give yourself 20 seconds to
prepare your response. Then record yourself speaking for 60 seconds.
Listen to Track 39.
Listen to Track 39.
【正确答案】This particular question requires you to summarize the contents of a lecture you hear. In your response, you should talk about the two different kinds of motivation (which are extrinsic—or external—motivation, and intrinsic—or internal—motivation). You should include relevant points and examples from the lecture (and not from any other source).
To begin your response, you should briefly state the main idea, that there are two types of motivation, and name the two types. You would then talk about the first type of motivation, extrinsic (or external) motivation. You would explain that when we are externally motivated, we do something for an external reward. You would then talk about the professor's example of a child doing household chores for an allowance. The money that the child receives is motivation.
You would next talk about the second type of motivation, intrinsic (or internal) motivation. You would explain that when we are internally motivated, we do something because it makes us feel good. You should then discuss the professor's example. The professor goes to the gym several times a week because it's good for his health and he enjoys it. You could then say that he has gone for several years, which shows that intrinsic motivation is long lasting. You do not, however, need to repeat all of the details from the lecture. You need to give only sufficient details to explain the types of motivation. You should plan your time so that you have enough time to cover both types of motivation and their examples.
Your response should be intelligible, should demonstrate effective use of grammar and vocabulary, and should be well developed and coherent. Your response is scored using the Integrated Speaking Rubric (see Appendix A).
【答案解析】[解析]
Narrator
Now listen to part of a lecture in a psychology class.
Professor
Why do we do the things we do? What drives us to participate in certain activities... to buy a certain car... or even to choose a certain career? In other words, what motivates us to do what we do?
Well, in studies of motivation, psychologists distinguish between two very different types. Our reasons for doing something, our motivations, can be extrinsic—in other words, based on some kind of external reward like praise or money... or they can be intrinsic... meaning we engage in the activity because it pleases us internally. Both create strong forces that lead us to behave in certain ways; however, intrinsic motivation is generally considered to be more long-lasting than the other.
As I said, extrinsic motivation is... external. It's the desire to behave in a certain way in order to obtain some kind of external reward. A child, for example, who regularly does small jobs around the house does them not because she enjoys taking out the garbage or doing the dishes but because she knows if she does these things, she'll be given a small amount money for doing them. But how motivated would the child be to continue doing the work if her parents suddenly stopped giving her money for it? With intrinsic, or internal, motivation we want to do something because we enjoy it, or get a sense of accomplishment from it, Most people who are internally motivated get pleasure from the activity... so they just feel good about doing it. For example, I go to the gym several times a week. I don't go because I'm training for a marathon or anything. I just enjoy it. I have more energy after I exercise and I know it's good for my health so it makes me feel good about myself. And that's what's kept me going there for the past five years.
Narrator
Using points and examples from the talk, explain the two types of motivation.
Narrator
Now listen to part of a lecture in a psychology class.
Professor
Why do we do the things we do? What drives us to participate in certain activities... to buy a certain car... or even to choose a certain career? In other words, what motivates us to do what we do?
Well, in studies of motivation, psychologists distinguish between two very different types. Our reasons for doing something, our motivations, can be extrinsic—in other words, based on some kind of external reward like praise or money... or they can be intrinsic... meaning we engage in the activity because it pleases us internally. Both create strong forces that lead us to behave in certain ways; however, intrinsic motivation is generally considered to be more long-lasting than the other.
As I said, extrinsic motivation is... external. It's the desire to behave in a certain way in order to obtain some kind of external reward. A child, for example, who regularly does small jobs around the house does them not because she enjoys taking out the garbage or doing the dishes but because she knows if she does these things, she'll be given a small amount money for doing them. But how motivated would the child be to continue doing the work if her parents suddenly stopped giving her money for it? With intrinsic, or internal, motivation we want to do something because we enjoy it, or get a sense of accomplishment from it, Most people who are internally motivated get pleasure from the activity... so they just feel good about doing it. For example, I go to the gym several times a week. I don't go because I'm training for a marathon or anything. I just enjoy it. I have more energy after I exercise and I know it's good for my health so it makes me feel good about myself. And that's what's kept me going there for the past five years.
Narrator
Using points and examples from the talk, explain the two types of motivation.