正确答案为选项B，在录音中对应的是Just as the 18-year-old girl was realizing...。选项A 错在使用了 silver car ,而录音中则说的是silver scooter (速滑车）。选项C 错在混淆了人物关系，录音表明给警察打电话的是一个邻居（ A neighbor witnessed the heist and called the police)，而不是 Brisha Borden 自己的母亲。选项D 错在说Brisha Borden被罚款US$80，而录音中说的是她被起诉犯了小件物品偷窃罪，偷窃的物品价值是US$80 (petty theft of US$80) 。

[重点难点]
理清人物指代关系，把握小词意义（scooter， theft of) 。

[录音原文]
Passage Three
When Brisha Borden spotted a shining silver scooter in front of a house, she rode it down the street. Just as the 18-year-old girl was realizing she was too big for the tiny conveyance, a woman came running after her，saying, "That's my kid's stuff." A neighbor witnessed the heist and called the police. Borden was arrested and charged with burglary and petty theft of US$80.
At the same time, 41-year-old Vernon Prater was picked up for shoplifting $86 worth of tools from a nearby Home Depot store. Prater had already been convicted of armed robbery and attempted armed robbery, for which he had served five years in prison, in addition to another armed robbery charge.
When Borden and Prater were booked into jail, the computer program spat out a risk score predicting the likelihood of each committing a future crime. Borden, black, was rated a high risk. Prater, white, was rated a low risk. Two years later, Borden has not been charged with any new crimes. Prater is serving an eight-year prison term for subsequently stealing thousands of dollars' worth of electronics in a warehouse.
Proponents of risk scores argue that they can be used to reduce heavy sentences. In 2002, Virginia became one of the first states to begin using a risk assessment tool in the sentencing of nonviolent felony offenders statewide. In 2014, the stated prison population growth slowed to 5 percent from a rate of 31 percent the previous decade.
Opponents think that computer programs can be discriminatory. They don't agree with the widespread belief that software and algorithms that rely on data are objective. Big data is used to make decisions about healthcare, employment, housing, education and policing. But algorithms are written and maintained by people, and machine learning algorithms adjust what they do based on people's behavior. They reinforce human prejudices.

正确答案为选项C，即Vemon Prater是个惯犯，录音中对应的话语是Prater had already been convicted of.in addition to another armed robbery charge。选项 A 错在使用了 He was caught shopping，而录音中说的是因盗窃商店而被抓(picked up for shoplifting)。选项B错，因为录音说他过去曾因持枪抢劫而被判刑，这是背景介绍，而不是说他在Home Depot store持枪。选项D 错，因为录音说的是他因在商 店偷盗价值$86的商品被抓，但说他被判刑监禁5 年是背景介绍中的信息，两者不 是一回事。

[重点难点]
区分事件与事件背景介绍。

正确答案为选项A ,在录音中的对应内容很简单，即“Borden, black, was rated a high risk. Prater, white, was rated a low risk” 。选项 B 和 C 虽然本身内容真实但与 问题没有直接关联。选项D 则在录音中完全没有提及。

[重点难点]
理解简单插入语的解释性意义。

正确答案为选项D，在录音中对应的是... using a risk assessment tool in the sentencing of nonviolent felony offenders statewide, 其中介词 in 开始的短语就回答了 问题，即以 “在……中使用” 的形式说出了使用的方式。选项A 具有一定迷惑性， 它所说的犯罪危险积分（ risk scores)与 risk assessment语义类似，但缺少了地区 (Virginia)限定，不能算正确。选项B 和 C 都不正确是因为二者所给的内容都和 录音内容意思相反：B 说的是增加重判，而录音说的是可以减少重判；C 说用以判 处犯轻罪者（ misdemeanor offenders) ，而录音内容说的是用来判处非暴力重罪 (nonviolent felony offenders ) 。

[重点难点]
理解...in the doing of something 与...to do something 的语义对应关系。

录音中说反对者认为计算机程序（即软件）可能是带歧视性的，他们不同意那种广泛流传的想法，即认为基于数据的软件和算法（algorithms)是客观的。反过 来看就是选项A 所说的他们认为软件是有偏见的。选项 B 意思正好相反，所以为错误选项。选项 C 错误，软件基于大数据并不是反对者反对的理由。选项 D 的内 容混淆了对软件的描述和对算法的描述，所以也不正确。

[重点难点]
理清软件、程序、算法等不同计算机术语的关系，分清肯定与否定性话语。