翻译题 A team of researchers had traveled through a region, stopping here and there to collect artifacts and administer various psychological tests on local people. What my audience did not know, and what I had considered too obvious to tell them, was that in the USA everyone speaks English, even shopkeepers.     46    However, the fieldwork techniques of Malinowski were clearly designed for smaller communities, ones where it was possible for the anthropologist to get to know a fair proportion of the inhabitants.
    As we go about our daily lives, we are not aware of all the things we learned as children, the taken-for-granted ways of behaving, the general understandings of the way things are. In this sense, 'culture' is invisible.     47    If we suddenly become self-conscious about it, it is usually because we have crossed some kind of cultural boundary that are by no means restricted to anthropologists. Instead they are a common human experience, almost inescapable in the modern world. All that anthropologists can claim is that they knowingly seek out such cultural boundaries.
    That attempt can be arduous, however. It involves at a minimum acquiring the necessary language skills, and being prepared to commit a great deal of time and effort. Fieldwork situations vary so widely that adaptability and resourcefulness are required. Moreover, anthropologists are not immune to the disorientation of cultural displacement.
    They are as likely as anyone else to feel lonely and vulnerable.     48    Nor are they immune to cultural misleading because people everywhere communicate their emotions and intentions in the most subtle ways, ways that the newly-arrived stranger is not likely to follow. Consequently he or she is easily misled, whether maliciously or merely in fun. Most fieldworkers are only too aware of the limits of what they know. But those things that interest us most, the cultural webs in which we all hang suspended, are more elusive.
        49    One of the earliest pieces of travel literature to make a major impression in Europe was Marco Polo's The Travels, which circulated in over 119 manuscripts in the late thirteenth and fourteenth centuries and brought the first detailed report of the fabulously wealthy and exotic civilizations of South and East Asia. From the sixteenth century onwards, the trickle of travel literature rapidly expands to a flood, in which many books by anthropologists described their fieldwork experiences, as opposed to their findings.     50    However, concerned with how people differ among themselves and what those differences signify, the anthropologists must then have discussed what the differences were, and what sense to make of them.

问答题     However, the fieldwork techniques of Malinowski were clearly designed for smaller communities, ones where it was possible for the anthropologist to get to know a fair proportion of the inhabitants.

问答题     If we suddenly become self-conscious about it, it is usually because we have crossed some kind of cultural boundary that are by no means restricted to anthropologists.

问答题     Nor are they immune to cultural misleading because people everywhere communicate their emotions and intentions in the most subtle ways, ways that the newly-arrived stranger is not likely to follow.

问答题     One of the earliest pieces of travel literature to make a major impression in Europe was Marco Polo's The Travels, which circulated in over 119 manuscripts in the late thirteenth and fourteenth centuries and brought the first detailed report of the fabulously wealthy and exotic civilizations of South and East Asia.

问答题     However, concerned with how people differ among themselves and what those differences signify, the anthropologists must then have discussed what the differences were, and what sense to make of them.