单选题 Egyptian wine has an extensive history within the history of Egyptian civilization. Grapes were not (1) to the landscape of Egypt, rather the vines themselves are (2) to have been imported from the Phoenicians, (3) the actual origins remain in (4) . What is known, is that (5) the third millennium BC, Egyptian kings of the first (6) had extensive wine cellars, and wine was used extensively in the temple ceremonies. The main (7) of wine in Egypt, took place between the king, nobles, and the priests in temple ceremonies, and is (8) by numerous painted relief's, and other (9) evidence. The vineyards of ancient Egypt, were quite different from the modern methods of wine making today. (10) viticulture ( or wine making), ceased to (11) an exclusively ceremonial purpose, the Egyptians began to experiment with simple structures for their vines to train on, (12) found a way to train their vines so they were easy low (13) bushes, and found ways for the soil to (14) more moisture for the vines. Egyptian wine making experiments included the use of different wine presses, adding heat to the must ( the grape juice ready for fermentation) (15) make the wine sweet, and differences in vat types and materials. The (16) finished product of wine, was poured through a cloth filter, and then into earthenware jars, (17) they would be sealed with natural tar and left to (18) . The Egyptians kept accurate records of their vintages, and (19) of their wines, each jar of wine was clearly (20) with it's own vintage, and quality.

单选题 [A] born [B] native [C] grown [D] planted
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解题思路] 形容词辨析和搭配。native与to构成固定搭配指“(动植物等)源于……的；原产于……”，又如：Tobacco was native to America．(烟草原产于美洲)。
单选题 [A] proved [B] believed [C] hypothesized [D] established
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解题思路] 动词辨析。根据上下文，葡萄的真正来源尚无定论，因此葡萄进口自腓尼基(叙利亚西部之古国名)只是一种假设，hypothesized(假设，猜想)符合题意。proved意为“证明”；believed意为“相信，认为”；established意为“建立，成立，证明”。
单选题 [A] though [B] if [C] as [D] when
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解题思路] 语篇连贯。根据语篇，该空前后两个部分为让步关系，意思是：有人猜测葡萄进口自古代的腓尼基，虽然其真正来源尚存在争议。
单选题 [A] dispute [B] debate [C] discussion [D] argument
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解题思路] 名词辨析与搭配。dispute意为“争论，争议”，与in搭配，如：The matter is in dispute．(这个问题存在争议。)debate意为“辩论”，可与under构成搭配，如：the question under debate(争论的问题)；discussion意为“讨论”，也可与under搭配，如：The question is under discussion．(问题正在讨论中。)；argument意为“意见不一致，争论，论据”，如：His honesty is beyond argument．(他的诚实是不容置辩的。)根据第3题和上面的分析，dispute为最佳选择。
单选题 [A] since [B] after [C] by [D] to
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解题思路] 介词辨析。此处为一个时间状语，应由since连接。
单选题 [A] generation [B] dynasty [C] sovereignty [D] empire
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解题思路] 名词辨析。generation意为“代”；dynasty意为“朝代”；sovereignty意为“统治，王权”；empire意为“帝国”。此句意为：公元前三千年，古埃及第一个朝代的国王们……dynasty符合题意。
单选题 [A] cost [B] expense [C] exhaustion [D] consumption
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解题思路] 名词辨析。cost意为“花费，成本”；expense意为“花费，费用”；exhaustion意为“耗尽，筋疲力尽”；consumption意为“消费”。本句意为：葡萄酒主要是在祭祀典礼上由王公贵族和神职人员来消费。[D]为最佳答案。
单选题 [A] implied [B] demonstrated [C] evidenced [D] aided
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解题思路] 动词辨析和上下文重现。implied意为“暗示，隐含”；demonstrated意为“显示，说明”；evidenced意为“用证据证明”；aided意为“帮助，辅助”。根据下文，大量的壁画为葡萄 酒的消费情况提供了证据，evidenced符合题意。此外，下文重现了名词性的evidence。
单选题 [A] archeological [B] architectural [C] artistic [D] anthropological
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解题思路] 形容词辨析。古代的壁画是一种考古学的证据，archeological(考古学的)符合题意。architectural意为“建筑的，建筑学的”；artistic意为“艺术的”；anthropological意为“人类学的”。
单选题 [A] As [B] For [C] After [D] Since
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解题思路] 语篇连贯。根据语篇，该句前后为因果关系，意思是：由于酿酒不再纯粹为祭祀仪式服务，古埃及人开始试验更简单的修剪葡萄树的方法。For不能用于句首，因此选择As。
单选题 [A] act [B] serve [C] work [D] reach
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解题思路] 动词辨析和搭配。purpose需与serve搭配，意为“服务于……目的”，又如：the book serves the academic purpose．(这本书服务于学术目的)。
单选题 [A] as long as [B] as well as [C] as soon as [D] so long as
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解题思路] 连词辨析。根据上下文，“began to experiment…”与“found a way to…”是并列关系，as well as符合题意。as long as意为“只要”；as soon as意为“一……就……”；so long as意为“只要”。
单选题 [A] maintenance [B] protection [C] care [D] attention
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解题思路] 名词辨析。根据上文，古埃及人开始寻找新的方法修剪葡萄树，使它们变得低矮，容易维护，maintenance(维护，保养)符合题意。又如：maintenance of a car(汽车维修)。protection意为“保护”；care意为“照料，照顾”；attention意为“注意”。
单选题 [A] maintain [B] retain [C] contain [D] attain
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解题思路] 动词辨析与搭配。maintain意为“保持，维护”；retain意为“保持，留住”；contain意为“包含，含有”；attain意为“获得”。根据原文，古埃及人寻找方法使土壤留住水分以供葡萄树生长，retain符合题意，可与moisture(水分)构成搭配。
单选题 [A] rather than [B] but [C] and [D] in order to
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解题思路] 语篇连贯。根据语篇，古埃及人给发酵前的葡萄汁加热，目的是让酒更甜，因此选in order to。
单选题 [A] final [B] end [C] eventual [D] ultimate
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解题思路] 形容词辨析。四个选项都有“最后的，最终的”这个含义，但侧重点不一样。final意为“最后的，最终的”，如：final product(成品)；end“终端，末端”，如：the end carriage(最后一节车厢)；eventual意为“结果的，最终的”，如：the eventual failure(以失败告终)；ultimate“最后的，终极的”，如：the ultimate aim(最高目标)。此处指葡萄酒最终成品，应选final。
单选题 [A] which [B] when [C] where [D] and
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解题思路] 定语从句关系词辨析。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰earthenware jars，缺少地点关系副词，因此选where。
单选题 [A] protection [B] ferment [C] taste [D] drink
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解题思路] 动词辨析。根据原文，将葡萄酒的成品置入罐内，用漆封上，开始发酵。ferment(发酵)符合题意。
单选题 [A] quality [B] quantity [C] nature [D] aura
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解题思路] 名词辨析与上下文重现。最后一句意为：古代埃及人准确地记载葡萄酒生产的年份和质量，然后将其清晰地标在酒罐上。vintage(葡萄酒生产的年份)和quality两词均重复出现。
单选题 [A] marked [B] written [C] labeled [D] recorded
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解题思路] 动词辨析。marked意为“标记”；written意为“书写”；labeled意为“贴标签于……”；recorded意为“记载，记录”。根据上题分析，古埃及人将葡萄酒的生产年份和质量都用标签清晰地贴在罐上，labeled符合题意。