【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[听力原文]
Today we are going to talk about the controls of an airplane. Umm, but as you know, I like to talk a bit about the history of things. People generally credit the Wright brothers for having accomplished the first manned flight of an airplane.
Their work is very astonishing when you consider they had to do all their own research and there were few precedents for them to look to. Even something as simple as controlling the airplane had to be imagined, tested, developed, and perfected.
Over the past 100 years, the technology of airplanes has changed, but the controls are still similar.
You see, an airplane has three axes.
Each axis has its own set of fins built into the aircraft"s wings. When a pilot moves the fins in the air stream, they react with the air pressure to turn the aircraft.
There are three basic turns of today"s airplane. A turn in the lateral axis can make the plane move up or down. A turn in the vertical axis can make the plane left or right. The third axis is the longitudinal axis. This turns the plane spin or roll.
For the first two types of turns, the fins turn in the direction of the desired turn. For a spin, the fins turn in opposite directions.
To make a turn on the lateral or vertical axis, a pilot needs only to turn the fins in the direction of the desired turn. For example, if the pilot wants to turn left, he would turn the vertical axis left. The air stream that flows around the aircraft would change, and the aircraft would turn left.
To achieve a spin, the fins go in opposite directions.
For example, to spin clockwise, the right fin would turn down, so the right side of the aircraft drops. The left fin would turn right, so that the left side of the aircraft would rise.
With one side rising and one side dropping, the aircraft then would perform a spin or roll.
Why does the speaker say Wright brothers" invention is astonishing?
[解析] 演讲人在开始讲授如何操控一架飞机前，讲述了一些关于飞机的历史，提到了怀特兄弟，并认为他们的发明是令人震惊的，之后给出了原因，演讲人认为怀特兄弟必须自己做研究，他们鲜少有先例参考。甚至诸如操作飞机之类的简单动作也得自己想象、测试、研发，这些原因使得他们的发明令人震惊，故选项B为答案。其他选项在听力中未提及，可排除。
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[听力原文]
How to make an airplane move up or down according to the lecture?
[解析] 听力原文中提到现今的飞机有三种基本转向。包括：A turn in the lateral axis can make the plane move up or down. A turn in the vertical axis can make the plane left or right. The third axis is the longitudinal axis. This turns the plane spin or roll. 由此可知，能让飞机上升或者下降的是水平轴上的转向，故选项C为答案。
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】[听力原文]
What should a pilot do if he wants the plane to spin?
[解析] 听力原文中提到With one side rising and one side dropping, the aircraft then would perform a spin or roll. 由此可知，想让飞机旋冲，要让飞机的一侧升高，而另一侧下降，故选项D为答案。选项B和C的信息听力原文未提及，而选项A为飞机升降和左右转向的操作方法。