单选题 Heart Attack In the United States, and especially in big cities and rural areas, tens of thousands of people with hearts that should be good 【51】 to keep them alive die each year for lack of adequate first aid. In New York City, for example, a new study has shown that only one person in 100 outside of hospitals 【52】 after the heart suddenly stops pumping. In contrast, in Seattle, the survival 【53】 after such heart attacks is one in five. "The difference can be traced 【54】 the effectiveness of the chain of survival", Dr. Joseph P. Ornato said. " Each link in the 【55】 must be strong enough for many lives to be 【56】 ". The chain begins with an immediate telephone 【57】 for emergency help and the start within four minutes of the process needed for restarting the 【58】 working, by a family member or bystander (旁观者). It continues with the prompt arrival-------within eight 【59】 ten minutes of a rescuer equipped with a special instrument that can shock the heart back to a normal rhythm. And it ends with the administration (给予, 实施) of advanced (先进) emergency care by nurses to maintain the heart''s ability to survive until the doctors at the hospitals can take 【60】 When one or more links in this chain fail or function too slowly, the 【61】 of a victim surviving heart attack falls rapidly. Because of widespread weaknesses in the chain of 【62】 , experts in emergency heart care estimate that 20,000 to 80,000 people 【63】 needlessly of heart attack each year, a number comparable to the 55,000 killed annually in automobile 【64】 . One expert says, "Sending an emergency vehicle to a heart attack victim, 【65】 the special equipment is like having policemen with guns but no bullets. They may put on a good show, but they lack the weapon needed to get the job done."
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】从语法上分析,此空白处应该填一个副词,因此首先就排除了选项C)。选项A)、B)既可当形容词也可当副词,too只能当副词,但从上下文意思看,只有选项B)合适,因为be+adj.+enough to do sth.是个固定结构,后面的enough to do sth.是前面形容词的程度状语。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】注意此空白处的句子,空白处应该是that引导的宾语从句的谓语,因此只有填survives才能与它的主语only one person in 100相呼应,填其他选项都不符合上下文意思。此外,下句的survival也在某种程度上起提示作用。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】无论是空白处前句的one person in 100或是空白处后面的one in five都提示此处应填(survival)rate。这里的rate是“比率”,而不是“速度”,因此不能填“speed”。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】be traced to…“追踪至…,追溯至…”是固定词组。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】前句的chain of survival已为此空白起提示作用。Each link in the chain:这个链上的每一个环节。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】根据上下文意思只能填saved。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】空白处前面的telephone以及后面的for emergency help使人们很容易想到选择call“打电话”,其他选项均不符合上下文意思。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】本文题目为“心脏病发作”,第一段又有“心脏突然停止跳动之后”,空白处又是“使…重新开始工作”,从上下文分析,显然是“使心脏重新跳动”,故选C)项。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】只能选择to,“with in eight to ten minutes”“在8-10分钟内”,表示时间长度。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】take on“承担…”和take out“取出…”都需要有宾语,只有takeover“接管过来”后面可以没有宾语,故选它。没有take about的用法。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】根据上下文意思,只能选择chance“机会,可能性”,指“经历心脏病发作的患者存活的可能性”,其他选项均不合适。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】第二段已出现了the chain of survival,实际上为此处提示了survival这个答案,且符合上下文意思。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】空白所处的句子中,前面有Because of wide spread weaknesses“普遍存在不足之处”,中间有needlessly“不必要地”,后面又有comparable to the 55,000 killed annually,显然,填die才是最佳选择。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】accident是指意外发生的事件,而incident则指“小事件”或“政治性事件”,由汽车造成的交通事故称为“automobile accident”,故选项C)是最佳选择。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】根据谓语部分所说的“就像警察带枪但没有子弹一样”来推断,这里应该填上“without”,即“派急救车到突发心脏病的病人那里去却不带必要的设备”,二者相比是十分恰当的。