【正确答案】正确答案："Morphological component" belongs to morphology, which is concerned with the internal structure of words. It studies morphemes and word-formation processes. Morpheme is the basic and minimal unit of meaning.(3 points)Morphemes serve different purposes. Some derive new words by changing the meaning or the part of speech, others only refine and give extra grammatical information about the already existing meaning of a word.(2 points) Different language systems contain various morphemes and differ in their degrees of the dependence on the morphological components in order to convey or change the meaning.(1 point)For example, in Latin, meaning is changed through the use of some morphological endings. In contrast, in English, word order is used more than morphological additions to convey much of the meaning of the utterance.(2 points)For instance, "The dog sees the rabbit". If we change the order of the words and get "The rabbit sees the dog" , the meaning of the sentence changes. But in Latin, " dog" and " rabbit" take on some morphological endings depending on whether they are subject or object of the sentence, and can therefore change places without affecting the meaning of the sentence.(2 points)

【答案解析】解析：考查对语素及其作用的理解。“语言对语素的依赖”应理解为“语言的意义通过语素的变化而改变”。语素是语言最基本的、最小的意义单位。同种语言中不同语素的功能不同。有些语素可以通过改变词义或词类生成新词，有些则可以修饰限定已存在的词义或为其增添语法信息。不同语言的意义表达对语素的依赖程度也不同。例如，拉丁语的语义随词尾语素的改变而变化，而英语则更多的是通过语序来传达意义。