单选题
The Difference between Man and Computer
What makes people different from computer programs? What is the missing element that our theories don"t
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account for? The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories for a reason: to learn more about
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they are interested in. Computers, on the other hand, don"t. In fact, computers don"t even have interests; there is nothing
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that they are trying to
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when they read. If a computer program is to be a model of story understanding, it should also read for a "
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".
Of course, people have several goals that do not make
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to attribute to computers. One might read a restaurant guide in order to
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hunger or entertainment goals, or to find a good place to go for a business lunch. Computers do not get
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, and computers do not have business lunches.
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, these physiological and social goals give
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to several intellectual or cognitive goals. A goal to satisfy hunger gives rise to goals to find information about the name of a restaurant which serves the
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type of food, how expensive the restaurant is, the location of the restaurant, etc. These are goals to
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information or knowledge, what we are calling learning goals. These goals can be held by computers too; a computer might "want" to find out the
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of a restaurant, and read a guide in order to do so in
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way as a person might. While such a goal would not arise out of hunger in the
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of the computer, it might well arise out of the "goal" to learn more about restaurants.