单选题

The Anti -Alcohol Campaign Tries in Russia

Last week Russian President Dmitry Medvedev kicked off a new anti - alcohol campaign aimed at cutting the nation's per capita consumption of alcohol by nearly a quarter by 2012.
Russians currently drink about 18 liters ( 19 quarts) a year, more than double the 8 liters (8.4 quarts) deemed safe by the World Health Organization (WHO). With each additional liter, adds the WHO, men can subtract 11 months from their average life expectancy.
The latest move consists of three parts: a media campaign, restrictions on beer consumption, and strict penalties for selling to minors. Russian officials plan to set up more than 500 health centers by the end of the year, complete with Soviet - era tactics like drawings of cirrhosis - stricken livers on their walls.
Even with such aggressive measures, it's hardly the most ambitious campaign Russians has ever launched against drinking. Former leader Mikhail Gorbachev got alcohol sales to decline by 60 percent. Three years agom, a group of young Russians organized a sort of vigilante vice squad to single out and shame merchants who sold alcohol to minors. Supported by the Moscow city administration, the Solar Circle movement, as they called themselves, held rallies, and slapped leaflets on the shop doors of guilty establishments. They piqued media interest at first, but the momentum soon fizzled.
Some critics say that, while admirable, it hardly addresses the biggest culprit of all : vodka. "The main problem is the availability of hard liquor, "says Aleksandr Nemtsov, a top Russian expert on alcohol policy. Some 70 percent of alcohol consumption in Russia is of the hard stuff, primarily vodka.
One attempt, tried in the mid- 1990s ,substituted beer as a less intoxicating non- liquor alternative. Instead. "beer has become a gateway opening the way to alcoholism for teenagers," says Oleg Zykov, a member of the Public Chamber. The earlier people start down that route, the more likely they are to end up grappling with alcoholism problems later.
Still, for now, Russians seem to support the government's new approach. As the National Center for the Study of Public Opinion reported last week. 65 percent of the population say they are in favor the new measures—especially those that restrict alcohol sales to those under 21. (Right now, the drinking age is 18. )

单选题 According to the apassage ,what is the main aim to carry out the anti -alcohol movement?

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】考查某一事件发生的目的由题干main aim定位到文章原句a new anti-alcohol campaign aimed at cutting the nation's per capita consumption of alcohol，这个新发起的反酒精运动活动是以减少人均消费酒精饮料的数量为目的，选项C意为引导人们少喝酒精饮料，故选C。选项A和D有较强的干扰性，A认为目的是减少在饮酒方面的开销，D认为目的是表示政府对公共健康的关注，虽然可以间接推导出A和D有一定正确性，但并不是此运动最直接的目的，故不选A或D。

单选题 What amount of drinking is perceived as safe for human health?

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】考查具体数字的辨别题干考查安全的饮酒量。由题干定位到文章原句Russians currently drink about 18 liters(19 quarts)a year，more than double the 8 liters (8.4 quarts) deemed safe by the World Health Organization (WHO)．俄国人每年喝掉19夸脱的酒，比世界卫生组织认定的每年8.4夸脱的两倍还要多。选项B是每年8夸脱，此数字低于世卫的标准，故B正确。A项具有一定干扰性，认为是每月4夸脱，其一年的数量是48夸脱，高于世卫的安全标准，故不选A。

单选题 Which one of the following measures is not mentioned about in the third paragraph?

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】考查对具体方式的判断题干考查反酒运动采取的具体措施，定位到文章原句。a media campaign，restrictions on beer consumption，and strict penalties for selling to minors．Russian officials plan to set up more than 500 health centers by the end of the year．complete with Soviet-era tactics like drawings of cirrhosis-stricken livers on their walls．媒体宣传，啤酒限量消费，对向青少年销售酒精饮料的重惩。俄国政府计划到年底建成超过500个的健康中心，并继承苏联时期的策略，在其墙上画上被侵袭的肝脏。选项B表示限制酒精消费，选项C表示对向青少年销售酒精饮料给予重罚，选项D表示建立健康中心并配以被损坏的肝脏的图画来提醒众人。

单选题 What description about the Solar Circle movement is right?

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】考查对某一事物或事件相关陈述的判断题目考查关由题干description about the Solar Circle movement定位到原文Three years ago，a group of young Russians organized a sort of vigilante vice squad．Supported by the Moscow city administration，the Solar Circle movement，as they called themselves，held rallies，picketed，and slapped leaflets Oil the shop doors of guilty establishments，but the momentum soon fizzled．三年前，一群年轻的俄国人组成了突击队，他们自称为太阳环运动，在当时莫斯科市政府的支持下，他们举办集会，并给那些向青少年销售酒精饮料的商店贴上标签，但是这个运动很快就消声匿迹了。选项A表示太阳环运动组织也参加了最近的反酒活动，与原文意思不符。选项C表示太阳环运动组织吸引了媒体的注意，其活动也持续了很长时间，与原文意思不符。选项D表示太阳环运动没有得到政府的支持，其活动遇到很多阻碍，与原文意思不符。选项B表示太阳环运动中会给那些不法商贩的店面贴上标签，与原文意思相符，故选B。

单选题 Which one of the following statements can not be inferred from the passage?

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】考查对全文大意的判断选项A是有关新法规中关于法定饮酒年龄的表述，定位到文章原句65 percent of the population say they are in favor the new measures—especially those that restrict alcohol sales to those under 21，可见选项A的有超过50%的人支持把合法饮酒年龄提高到21岁的说法是符合原文意思的。选项B是关于饮酒年龄与饮酒习惯的关系的表述，定位到文章原句The earlier people start down that route，the more likely they are to end up grappling with alcoholism problems later．选项B认为开始饮酒的年龄越小，以后成为酗酒者的可能性越大，与原文意思相符。选项C是关于伏特加酒的表述定位到文章原句Some 70 percent of alcohol consumption in Russia is of the hard stuff，primarily vodka．可见选项C的俄国人最喜欢伏特加，伏特加酒的销售份额占每年酒饮料的30%，是与原文意思不符的，故选C。选项D是关于伏特加酒与啤酒的表述，定位到文章原句One attempt，tried in the mid-1990s，substituted beer as a less intoxicating non-liquor alternative．Instead，“beer has become a gateway opening the way to alcoholism for teenagers”，可见选项D的以啤酒代替伏特加这一做法同时也为青少年酗酒打开方便之门的说法是与原文意思相符的。