问答题
Ladies and Gentlemen, What values should
we pursue for the prosperity of Asia in the new century?I believe that the three
values of freedom, diversity and openness are the driving forces behind peace
and development in Asia. First, it goes without saying that
freedom refers to democracy and human rights politically. Economically, it means
the development of a market economy. Political freedom and
economic freedom are reinforcing each other in the process of their
development.With some twists and turns, Asia as a whole has been taking
significant steps towards freedom over the last half century.
Transition to a democratic political system has been inevitable, as economic
development has created the conditions for the emergence of a middle class and
civil society.I believe that the historic trends that are apparent in Asia
should be a source of pride for us all. Second,development in
Asia has occurred against a background of tremendous diversity, where each
country has its own distinctive history and social and cultural
values.Naturally, we thus see differences in the processes and speed of
development. While respecting diversity, however, it is
important for us to promote our common in-terests and Our shared goals,
recognizing positive influences of each other despite differences among
countries. In other words.we must leave behind parochial
nationalism and dogmatism,promote mu-tually beneficial cooperation based on
equality in order to enjoy common prosperity.This should be our guiding
principle. Third,our cooperation must not be of an
inward-looking, closed nature, but one character-ized by openness to the world
outside Asia. In a world ecOnomy where globalization is
advancing and economic integration, such as in Europe and Americas, is
proceeding, cooperation both within Asia and between Asia and other tegions must
be pursued.This cooperation must be based on the principles of openness and
transparency. I believe Asia should set an example for the
world by seeking regional cooperation that surpasses national and ethnic
distinction. So,as we pursue prosperity in a free,diverse and
open Asia,what are the specific chal-lenges that we face?I'd like to discuss
three challenges.They are reform,cooperation and conyeying Asia's voice to the
world.
【答案解析】[解析]
本文是关于亚洲价值和繁荣的讲话。演讲者认为自由、多样化和开放是促进亚洲和平和发展的三大价值观。首先,自由在政治上是指民主和人权,经济上指发展市场经济,两者相辅相成。其次,亚洲发展具有多样化背景,在尊重多样化 的同时,摒弃狭隘的民族主义和教条主义,推动合作。合作不应是内向式和封闭式的,亚洲应该寻求跨国家和跨民族的合作。在这个过程中面临的挑战是改革、 合作和向世界传达亚洲的声音。
本文要求译者掌握亚洲政治民主和经济发展及合作方面的情况,其中考查译者对专门用语的掌握情况,以反映译者的基本素质;在此基础上,译者还要在相当短的时间内记录讲话的核心信息,理解并准确完整地翻译长难句;理解某些短语和单词的确切含义并能理解其在上下文语境中的确切用法,使全文的翻译不仅 准确完整,而且符合目标语的语言习惯。
■基本素质采分点
下列单词或短语是基础知识点,包括专有名词、惯用表达等,是译者正确理解并翻译的关键。
1.market economy 市场经济
2.twists andtllms 迂回曲折
3.middle class 中产阶级
4.globalization 全球化
■结构理解采分点
以下各句是本文出现的长难句,需要译者在短时间内,判断其结构、大意并组织翻译语言,且保证信息的完整和准确。这要求在听时,译者应注意长句的基本结构,而后补充次要结构的内容,要求译者不仅能用符合目标语言的习惯方式 表述信息,而且要保证信息在表述过程中不会缺失或误译。
1.I believe that.the three values of freedom.diversity and openness are the driving forces behind peace and development in Asia.
原文句子结构分析如下:1)主干结构是(主语)I+(谓语)believe+(宾语 从句);2)宾语从句的主干是(主语)three values+(谓语)are+(宾语)driving forces;3)宾语从句中还含有一个较长的介词短语。翻译时可采用转化法, 把介词短语转化成动词短语,使译文符合中文表达方式。参考译文为:我认为,自由、多样化和开放是促进亚洲和平和发展的三大价值观。
2. With some twists and turns, Asia as a whole has been taking significant steps towards freedom over the last half century.
原句句子结构分析如下:1)主句主干是(主语)Asia+(谓语)take+(宾 语 )steps;2)句子主干前后是两个介词短语结构。翻译时可采用转化法和变序法,把介词短语转化成动词短语,并调整句子顺序,使译文符合中文表达习惯,并注意固定搭配的翻译。参考译文为:过去的半个世纪中尽管经历了种种曲折,亚洲作为一个地区在走向自由方面迈出了很大的步伐。
3. While respecting diversity,however,it is important for US to promote our common interests and our shared goals,recognizing positive influences of each other despite differences among countries.
原句句子结构分析如下:1)句子主干是(主语)it+(谓语)is+(表语)important; 2)现在分词短语作伴随状语,伴随状语中含有despite引导的表示让步的结构;3)句子还包含介词短语结构和转折连词however。翻译时可用变序法和顺译法,把介词短语转化为动词结构,改变伴随状语和让步结构的句序,使译文流畅符合中文表达习惯。参考译文为:然而,在尊重多样化的同时,尽管各国之间存在差异,我们应认识到相互之间的积极影响,重要的是要促进我们的共同利益,向共同目标迈进。
4.In other words,we must leave behind parochial nationalism and dogmatism,promote mu- tually beneficial cooperation based on equality in order to enjoy common prosperity. 原句句子结构分析如下:1)句子主干是(主语)we+(谓语)must leave/promote 并列动词结构;2)based on…是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰限定cooperation; 3)in order to介词短语作目的状语。翻译时可采用变序法和转化法,把后置定语提前,把介词短语转化成动词短语,使译文流畅。参考译文为:也就是说,我们必须摒弃狭隘的民族主义和教条主义,在平等的基础上推动互利合作,从而达到共同繁荣。
5.In a world economy where globalization is advancing and economic integration,such as in Europe and Americas,is proceeding,cooperation both within Asia and between Asia and other regions must be pursued.
原句句子结构分析如下:1)句子主干是(主语)cooperation+(谓语)must be pursued,是被动语态结构;2)句子主干之前In a world economy…是地点状 语,结构较复杂,包含where引导的定语从句;3)定语从句的主干是两个并列结构,globalization is advancing+integration is proceeding,such as作插入语。翻译时采用转化法,将被动语态转化为主动语态,并将并列结构和插入语合并, 使译文符合中文表达习惯。参考译文为:当今,在全球化和类似欧洲和美洲的经济一体化的进程中,我们必须推进亚洲国家之间的合作以及亚洲与其它 地区的合作。
■言语表达采分点
译者在注意了整体表达的基础上,还应正确处理某些重要短语或单词的理解和翻译,以使译文完整通畅。
1.prosperity 繁荣
2.itgoeswithout saying 不用说
3.refer to 提到,谈到
4.intheprocess of 在……的过程中
5.take significant steps towards 向……迈出了很大的步伐
6.transition 转变,过渡
7.inward-looking 内向型的
8.economic integration 经济一体化
9.set an example 树立榜样
10.conveyto 传达