单选题
The human eye is still uncivilized. Thousands of years ago poets made up songs and chanted them for eager ears. These songs were handed down by word of mouth. For a long time they were not written, since no one, a song maker or a listener, thought of writing books. When writing was finally developed, it was used very little at first. Only a few precious records were carved on stone. Eventually, men began to use less bulky writing materials — skins and various paper — like fibers, such as the Egyptian papyrus. For hundreds of years, everything was written by hand. Printing was invented by Chinese, and was first used in Europe in the twelfth century. It was not until 1475, however, shortly before Columbus sailed for America, that William Caxton printed first book in English. Even after that, books were so rare that few people used their eyes for reading. Not until much later did they become concerned about how to prevent their eyes from getting tired when reading. Your eyes get tired for several reasons. If you spend only five minutes reading your eyes may make over one thousand separate stops and starts as they move across the page. These many and rapid movements often tire your eyes. It is also more tiring to do close work than to look in the distance. When you read or write, certain eye muscles tighten up or contract, when you look in the distance, these eye muscles can relax, and that rests them. When you looked at the title of this article, perhaps you asked, what is reading hygiene? Hygiene tells us how to live comfortably and healthfully, it helps us to make the best use of our bodies. Reading hygiene tells us how to make the best use of our eyes — how to prevent eyestrain and how to read more comfortably. When you misuse your eyes, they let you know in various ways. Your eyes may hurt and your eyelids become red. You may not be able to see clearly. You may have headaches, feel dizzy, or be uncomfortable in other ways. Every day you have many opportunities to use your eyes wisely and well.