单选题 The human eye is still uncivilized. Thousands of years ago poets made up songs and chanted them for eager ears. These songs were handed down by word of mouth. For a long time they were not written, since no one, a song maker or a listener, thought of writing books. When writing was finally developed, it was used very little at first. Only a few precious records were carved on stone. Eventually, men began to use less bulky writing materials — skins and various paper — like fibers, such as the Egyptian papyrus. For hundreds of years, everything was written by hand. Printing was invented by Chinese, and was first used in Europe in the twelfth century. It was not until 1475, however, shortly before Columbus sailed for America, that William Caxton printed first book in English. Even after that, books were so rare that few people used their eyes for reading. Not until much later did they become concerned about how to prevent their eyes from getting tired when reading. Your eyes get tired for several reasons. If you spend only five minutes reading your eyes may make over one thousand separate stops and starts as they move across the page. These many and rapid movements often tire your eyes. It is also more tiring to do close work than to look in the distance. When you read or write, certain eye muscles tighten up or contract, when you look in the distance, these eye muscles can relax, and that rests them. When you looked at the title of this article, perhaps you asked, what is reading hygiene? Hygiene tells us how to live comfortably and healthfully, it helps us to make the best use of our bodies. Reading hygiene tells us how to make the best use of our eyes — how to prevent eyestrain and how to read more comfortably. When you misuse your eyes, they let you know in various ways. Your eyes may hurt and your eyelids become red. You may not be able to see clearly. You may have headaches, feel dizzy, or be uncomfortable in other ways. Every day you have many opportunities to use your eyes wisely and well.
单选题 What is the proper title for the passage?
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】解析:本题是主旨题。本文主要讲述了自从书问世以来,如何用眼睛看书以防止眼睛疲劳的问题,所以本文的题目是:“阅读卫生”。
单选题 What does "bulky"(Line 2, Para. 2)refer to?
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】解析:本题是词汇题。“bulky”的意思是“笨重的、不灵巧的、难以控制的”,本句的意思是:“兽皮和纸莎草制成的纸要比石头灵巧”。
单选题 Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage?
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】解析:本题是细节题。根据第3段可以判断,A和B均正确:由第2段的前两句可以得出:在书写被发明之前,人们是不用石头来刻字的,选项C正确;第1段的第2句指出:“Thousands of years…for eager ears.”所以选项D与此不符。
单选题 People's eyes are easily get tired on many occasions EXCEPT ______.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】解析:本题是推理题。第4段阐述了引起眼睛疲劳的几种原因,如眼睛动作过多、过快,近距离工作等。由最后一句“…,when you look…that rests them.”判断,远距离的眺望会使眼睛放松,所以选项D与原文不符。
单选题 People began to learn reading hygiene ______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】解析:本题是推理题。第3段的结尾处提到:“直到后来,人们才开始注意用眼卫生。”“后来”即是指印刷术发明之后,书本越来越普遍的时候。
单选题 When people do close work, ______.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】解析:本题是细节题。第4段讲述了近距离工作和远距离工作的用眼情况。近距离用眼会使眼睛疲劳、眼肌紧张。
单选题 Which of the following is NOT a symptom of eye abuse?
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】解析:本题是细节题。文章最后一段提到了过度用眼导致的症状,如眼睑发红、头痛、发昏等,但并没有提到胃痛。