填空题 Directions: Read the following text and answer questions by finding information from the right column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the left column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.
A man wakes up in a New York apartment, brews coffee and goes out into the world, and everything that can appear on a smartphone or iPad appears before his eyes instead: weather reports , calendar reminders, messages from friends, his girlfriend's smiling face. This is the promise of Google's Project Glass. Even if the project itself never comes to fruition, though, the preview video deserves a life of its own, as a window into what our era promises and what it threatens to take away.
On the one hand, the video is a testament to modem technology's extraordinary feats—not only instant communication across continents, but also an almost god-like access to information about the world around us. But the video also captures the sense of isolation that coexists with our technological mastery. The man in the Google Glasses lives alone, in a drab, impersonal apartment.
He is, in other words, a characteristic 21st-century American, more electronically networked but more personally isolated than ever before. As the N. Y.U. Sociologist Eric Klinenberg notes in Going Solo: The Extraordinary Rise and Surprising Appeal of Living Alone, there are now more Americans living by themselves than there are Americans in intact nuclearfamily households. And friendship, too, seems to be attenuating (减弱): a 2006 Duke University study found that Americans reported having, on average, three people with whom they discussed important issues in 1985, but just two by the mid-2000s.
The question hanging over the future of American social life, then, is whether all the possibilities of virtual community can make up for the weakening of flesh-and-blood ties and the decline of traditional communal institutions.
The optimists say yes. ff you believe writers like Clay Shirky, author of 2008's Here Comes Everybody, the buzzing hive mind of the Internet is well on its way to generating a kind of "cognitive surplus", which promises to make group interactions even more effective and enriching than they were before the Web.
The pessimists, on the other hand, worry that online life offers only an illusion of community. In Alone Together, Sherry Turkle argues that the lure of Internet relationships, constantly available but inherently superficial, might make both genuine connection and genuine solitude impossible.
Seeing the world through the eyes of the man in the Google Glasses, though, suggests a more political reason for pessimism. In his classic 1953 work, The Quest for Community, the sociologist Robert Nisbet argues that in eras of intense individualism and weak communal ties, an atomized, rootless population is more likely to embrace authoritarian ideologies, and more likely to seek the protection of an omnicompetent state.
Today, social media are hailed for empowering dissidents and undercutting tyrannies around the world. Yet it's hard not to watch the Google video and agree with Forbes's Kashmir Hill when she suggests that such a technology could ultimately "accelerate the arrival of the persistent and pervasive" citizen surveillance state, in which everything you see and do can be recorded, reported. In this kind of world, the man in the Google Glasses might feel like a king of infinite space. But he'd actually inhabit a comfortable, full-service cage.
A. Internet will eliminate the social advance achieved in the past centuries.
B. individual liberty might lead some people to embrace despotism ideology.
C. Internet is likely to bring genuine correlation to an end.
D. vast change has taken place in terms of the current American family structure.
E. the Internet will facilitate and enrich communal interactions.
F. the Internet technology will make personal behaviour exposed to others.
G. excessive addiction to the Internet will bring about individualism.
填空题 Eric Klinenberg holds that
填空题 Clay Shirky believes that
填空题 Sherry Turkle claims that
填空题 Robert Nisbet agrees that
填空题 Kashmir Hill argues that