The idea that people might be chosen or rejected for jobs on the basis of their genes disturbs many. Such【B1】______may however, be a step 【B2】______ , thanks to work just published in Current Biology by Derk-Jan Dijk and his colleagues at the University of Surrey, in England. Dr. Dijk studies the biology of timekeeping—in particular of the part of the internal body-clock that 【B3】______people to sleep and wakes them up. One of the genes involved in 【B4】______ this clock is known as PER3 and【B5】______in two forms. Dr. Dijk's work【B6】______that one of these forms is more conducive to night-shift work than the other. The two forms of PER3 【B7】______ into two slightly different proteins, one of which is longer than the other.【B8】______work by this group showed that people with two short versions of the gene are more likely to be "owls", 【B9】______ to get up late and go to bed late. "Larks"—【B10】______, early risers, have two long versions. Pursuing this【B11】______of enquiry, Dr. Dijk and his team have been studying how such people【B12】______to sleep deprivation. Two dozen volunteers, some genetic owls and some genetic larks, were forced to stay awake for two days. The genetic larks reacted to this worse than the owls did.【B13】______, larks given memory tests and puzzles to【B14】______between the hours of four and eight in the morning turned【B15】______far worse performances than did owls. What【B16】______that may have for employers is not fully clear. Nevertheless, it is intriguing. There may【B17】______come a time when employers【B18】______night shifts will want a blood sample from【B19】______employees—【B20】______to protect themselves against negligence suits should someone have an accident.
【答案解析】解析:考查动词辨析。空格处动词与in two forms搭配,说明基因PER3有两种形态。come可以表示“(物体)有(某种形状、尺寸、款式等)”,常与in连用,符合文意。fall一般不与in搭配,而与into搭配,意为“分成,进入”;lie in意为“存在,在于”;consist in意为“在于”,不符合文意,这三项均可排除。故正确答案为C.comes。
【答案解析】解析:考查逻辑关系。破折号及空格处短语用来说明“百灵鸟”与“早睡早起的人”之间的关系,根据语境可知,此处在对比百灵鸟和夜猫子的生活习惯,因此可以推知,“百灵鸟”就是“早睡早起的人”,因此C.in other words“换句话说”符合文意,为正确答案。to be specific“具体地说”;so to speak“可以这样说”;put simply“简单地说”,均不符合题意。
单选题
【B11】
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】解析:考查名词辨析。根据文意可知,空格处指代上文有关“夜猫子”、“百灵鸟”与基因有关的理论。B.line可以表示“方法,方式”,代入文中,意为“沿着这个思路,狄克博士和他的研究小组一直在研究…”,符合文意,为最佳选项。the run of sth.意为“…的态势”;a chain of sth.意为“一连串…”;the train of sth.意为“一系列…”,均不符合题意。
【答案解析】解析:考查逻辑关系及介词短语辨析。空格前阐述:在被迫两天不睡的情况下,百灵鸟比夜猫子的反应要糟糕。空格后阐述:在早晨4点至8点间,百灵鸟的表现更差劲。由此推知,此处为递进关系。只有B.In particular“特别,尤其”符合题意。因此正确答案为B。In short“简言之”,表总结;In any event“无论如何”,表让步;On the contrary“相反”,表对比,均不符合题意。
单选题
【B14】
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】解析:考查动词辨析。空格处所需动词与to构成不定式短语,修饰前面的memory tests and puzzles,只有solve“解决,解答”符合文意,代入文中,表示“解答记忆力测试问题与智力游戏”。answer“回答,答复”;work表示“解决,找出答案”时常与out连用,不符合此处用法;settle“解决(争论、争端等)”,不符合此处搭配。因此正确答案为A.solve。
单选题
【B15】
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】解析:考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知,本句意在表达:百灵鸟的表现要比夜猫子差很多。turn in sth.表示“取得,完成,获得”,代入文中,表示百灵鸟完成测试的情况,符合语境。turn up意为“开大,调高(音量等),找到,出现”;turn on意为“打开,接通,突然表现得,依靠”;turn over意为“翻转,认真思考”,均不符合文意。因此正确答案为C.in。
单选题
【B16】
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】解析:考查上下文语义及名词辨析。空格处所在处为what引导的名词性从句,正常语序为:that may have what______for employers,implication意为“可能的影响、结果或作用”,可以与介词for搭配,代入文中,表示“这个研究会对雇主有何意义尚不完全清楚”,符合文意。preference意为“偏爱,偏好”;inference意为“推断,结论”;requirement“要求,必要条件”,均不符合文意,因此正确答案为D.implications。
【答案解析】解析:考查动词辨析。空格处动词与night shifts(夜班)搭配,作后置定语修饰employers。run可以表示“开设,提供”,代入文中,表示“实行夜班制的雇主”,符合文意。work night shifts意为“上夜班”,不符合文意;operate“操作”,raise“提高”,二者均不与night shifts搭配。因此答案为A.running。