单选题
Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in Teens

While some teenagers may puff on cigarettes to "self-medicate" (自我治疗) against the blues (忧郁), scientists at the University of Toronto and the University of Montreal have found that smoking may actually 1 depressive symptoms in some teens.
"This observational study is one of the few to examine the perceived 2 benefits of smoking among teens," says lead researcher Michael Chariton, a research associate at the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit of the University of Toronto. " 3 cigarettes may appear to have self-medicating effects or to improve mood, in the long 4 we found that teens who started to smoke reported higher depressive symptoms. "
As part of the study, some 662 high school teenagers completed up to 20 questionnaires about their use of cigarettes to 5 mood. Secondary schools were selected to provide a mix of French and English participants, urban and rural schools, and schools 6 in high, moderate and low socioeconomic neighborhoods.
Participants were divided into three 7 : never smokers; smokers who did not use cigarettes to self-medicate improve mood or physical 8 ; smokers who used cigarettes to self-medicate. Depressive symptoms were measured using a scale that asked how often participants felt too tired to do things; had 9 going to sleep or staying asleep; felt unhappy, sad, or depressed; felt hopeless about the future; felt anxious or tense; and worried too much about things.
"Smokers who used cigarettes as mood 10 had higher risks of elevated (提升) depressive symptoms 11 teens who had never smoked," says co-researcher Jennifer O"Loughlin, a professor at the University of Montreal Department of Social and Preventive Medicine. "Our study found that teen smokers who reported emotional benefits from smoking are 12 higher risk of depressive symptoms."
The 13 between depression and smoking exits 14 among that use cigarettes to feel better. " It"s 15 to emphasize that depressive symptom scores were higher among teenagers who reported emotional benefits from smoking after they began to smoke," says Dr. Chariton.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 词义辨析题。句意:……科学家们发现吸烟实际上有可能增加一些青少年的抑郁情绪。本文的标题就是“Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in Teens”,由此可推知,此处也应填入increase一词。因此,本题的正确答案为B。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 词义辨析题。句意:这项研究是检验吸烟是否会给青少年带来精神欢愉的几项研究之一。根据常识可判断,抽烟缓解抑郁是一种情绪上的得益。emotional情绪的。符合句意。而其他三个选项均不符合句意:financial金融的。material物质的。political政治的。因此,本题的正确答案为C。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 词义辨析题。句意:虽然吸烟在短时间内能起到自我治疗的作用或能振奋精神,但……。空格所在句的前半句话说到,香烟看上去有助于改善心情,而后半句话则说到,从长远角度看,抽烟会使得抑郁症的风险增加。可见,前后两个句子表达的意思相反,故此处应填入一个表示转折的连词。只有B选项的although符合上述要求。因此,本题的正确答案为B。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 固定搭配题。句意:……,从长期来看,我们发现吸烟的青少年往往有更强的抑郁情绪。in the long term为固定词组,意为“从长期来看”。因此,本题的正确答案为B。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 词义辨析题。句意:……关于他们吸烟对情绪的影响。本文一直都在介绍吸烟会对情绪产生影响。故只有affect“影响”符合句意。其他选项的意思均不合适:judge判断。lead引导。study研究。因此,本题的正确答案为A。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 词义辨析题。句意:他们就读的学校有城市的,也有乡村的,并分布在高档、中档和低档的不同社区。本句话是在介绍接受调查问卷访问的对象的来源。空格前面说到是他们既有讲法语的,也有讲英语的,他们就读的学校有城市的,也有农村的,空格后面接着说的是在高档社区、中档社区和低档社区。可见,此处是在介绍这些学校的位置。A选项的located在此可做schools的后置定语,且符合句意。其他选项的意思均不合适:move移动。expose揭露。mix混合。因此,本题的正确答案为A。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 词义辨析题。此处表达的意思是“问卷的参与者被分成三组或三类”。groups符合句意要求。而其它三个选项均不合适:three sets三套。three species三个物种。three versions三个版本。因此,本题的正确答案为A。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 固定搭配题。句意:……,一组吸烟但不是为了自我治疗、调节情绪或改善身体状态。physical state为固定说法,意为“身体状况”。填在此处,与上文的意思连贯。其它选项均不符合原文意思。因此,本题的正确答案为B。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 固定搭配题。have trouble (in) doing sth.为固定用法,意为“做某事有困难”。因此,本题的正确答案为C。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 词义辨析题。句意:通过吸烟缓解抑郁的吸烟者比不吸烟的青少年更容易加重抑郁情绪。原文第二段和第三段都出现过improve mood这一词组,由此可推知,此处需要填入的是该词组的名词形式。B选项的improvers符合句意。因此,本题的正确答案为B。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 语法题。句意:……的吸烟者比起从不吸烟的青少年更易加重抑郁情绪。根据前面出现的比较级higher可知,此处应填入表示比较的连接词than。因此,本题的正确答案为B。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 固定搭配题。句意:我们的研究发现,问卷反馈回来的那些通过吸烟来获得精神慰藉的青少年更容易加重抑郁情绪。at the risk of为固定搭配,意为“冒着……风险”。因此,本题的正确答案为A。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 词义辨析题。句意:抑郁与吸烟之间的联系主要体现在那些利用吸烟来愉悦心情的青少年身上。本文一直在介绍吸烟会增加抑郁症的风险,由此可推知,此处应指的是二者之间的“联系”。故association“联系”符合句意。其它选项均不合适:cooperation合作。difference差异。agreement一致性。因此,本题的正确答案为A。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 词义辨析题。句意:同上。根据前文内容可知,此次调查的对象是青少年,由此可推知,此处应填入principally“主要地”才符合原文意思。其它选项均不合适:probably大概,或许。occasionally偶尔。scarcely几乎不。因此,本题的正确答案为B。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 词义辨析题。句意:值得重视的是,那些在问卷中反映吸烟能带来精神安慰的青少年,他们在问卷中所得的抑郁评分也较高,”查顿博士说。结合全文内容可知,空格后面的内容“to emphasize that...”是此次调查的发现和结论,也是本文的主要观点,由此可推知,这一点肯定很重要。important符合句意。其它选项的意思均不符合原文意思:meaningless无意义的。illogical不合乎逻辑的。friendly友好的。因此,本题的正确答案为A。