【正确答案】正确答案：To Autumn is written in a three-stanza structure with a variable rhyme scheme. Each stanza is eleven lines long, and each is metered in a relatively precise iambic pentameter. In terms of both thematic organization and rhyme scheme, each stanza is divided roughly into two parts. In each stanza, the first part is made up of the first four lines of the stanza, and the second part is made up of the last seven lines. The first part of each stanza follows an abab rhyme scheme, the first line rhyming with the third, and the second line rhyming with the fourth. The second part of each stanza is longer and varies in rhyme scheme; The first stanza is arranged as cdedcce, and the second and third stanzas are arranged as cdecdde. To Autumn is concerned with the much quieter activity of daily observation and appreciation. It, however, takes up where the other odes leave off. Autumn in this ode is a time of warmth and plenty, but it is perched on the brink of winter"s desolation, as the bees enjoy "later flowers" , the harvest is gathered from the fields, the lambs of spring are now "full grown" , and in the final line of the poem, the swallows gather for their winter migration. The understated sense of inevitable loss in that final line makes it one of the most moving moments in all of poetry. In this poem, the act of creation is pictured as a kind of self-harvesting; the "pen" harvests the fields of the "brain" , and books are filled with the resulting "grain". In To Autumn, the metaphor is developed further; the sense of coming loss that permeates the poem confronts the sorrow underlying the season"s creativity. But the connection of this harvesting to the seasonal cycle softens the edge of the tragedy. In time, spring will come again, the fields will grow again, and the birdsong will return. It can be read as a simple, uncomplaining summation of the entire human condition. In both its form and descriptive surface, To Autumn is a very simple ode. There is nothing confusing or complex in this paean to the season of autumn. The extraordinary achievement of this poem lies in its ability to suggest, explore, and develop a rich abundance of themes without ever ruffling its calm, gentle, and lovely description of autumn.

【答案解析】解析： 《秋颂》是英国诗人济慈的作品。济慈诗才横溢，与雪莱、拜伦齐名。他生平只有25岁，但其留下的诗篇一直誉满人间，被认为完美地体现了西方浪漫主义诗歌的特色，并被推崇为欧洲浪漫主义运动的杰出代表。他主张“美即是真，真即是美”，擅长描绘自然景色和事物外貌，表现景物的色彩感和立体感，重视写作技巧，追求语言华美，对后世抒情诗的创作影响极大。 济慈在其短暂的一生里写下了很多名篇佳作，其主要作品有长诗《恩底弥翁》(Endymion)、《伊莎贝拉》(Isabella)、《圣阿格尼斯之夜》(The Eve of Saint Agnes)、《赫披里昂》(Hyperion)等。此外，他写有《希腊古瓮颂》(Ode on a Grecian Urn)、《夜莺颂》(Ode to a Nightingale)等著名颂歌及许多优美的十四行诗。 这首诗歌中诗人开篇就抓住了秋的实质——成熟，然后他再由此展开想象。诗人着力描写秋天成熟的果实，一幅绚丽多姿的初秋美景鲜明生动地展现在读者眼前。 【诗歌译文】 雾气洋溢、果实圆熟的秋， 你和成熟的太阳成为友伴； 你们密谋用累累的珠球， 缀满茅屋檐下的葡萄藤蔓； 使屋前的老树背负着苹果， 让熟味透进果实的心中； 使葫芦胀大，鼓起了榛子壳， 好塞进甜核；又为了蜜蜂 一次一次开放过迟的花朵， 使它们以为日子将永远暖和， 因为夏季早填满它们的粘巢。 谁不经常看见你伴着谷仓? 在田野里也可以把你找到， 你有时随意坐在打麦场上， 让发丝随着簸谷的风轻飘； 有时候，为罂粟花香所沉迷， 你倒卧在收割一半的田垄， 让镰刀歇在下一畦的花旁； 或者，像拾穗人越过小溪， 你昂首背着谷袋，投下倒影； 或者就在榨果架下坐几点钟， 你耐心地瞧着徐徐滴下的酒浆。 啊，春日的歌哪里去了?但不要 想这些吧，你也有你的音乐—— 当波状的云把将逝的一天映照， 以胭红抹上残梗散碎的田野； 这时啊，河柳下的一群小飞虫 就同奏哀音，它们忽而飞高， 忽而下落，随着微风的起灭； 篱下的蟋蟀在歌唱，在园中 红胸的知更鸟就群起呼哨； 而群羊在山圈里高声默默咩叫； 丛飞的燕子在天空呢喃不歇。 ——查良铮译