单选题

The Modern Vegetarian Movement

Today vegetarianism is trendy -25 percent of adolescents even think it's "cool". The success of vegetarian cosmetics and vegetarian foods like veggie dogs and turkey is a testament to the diet's popularity. Groups that promote vegetarianism and animal rights, like the Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) and People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), have tremendous lobbying (游说) power with major companies. But vegetarianism hasn't always been so generally accepted, nor has it always been linked with the animal - rights movement.
In 17th - and 18th - century Europe, some Protestant groups embraced vegetarianism as a moral directive - a way to be sinless. By the 19th century, European and North American vegetarianism had become a fringe (外围的) health movement. Adherents promoted the dietary benefits of vegetarianism -even coupling it with temperance (戒酒) and anti - tobacco movements. Modem, organized vegetarianism began with the formation of the Vegetarian Society in 1847 by the Bible Christian Sect of England. Within a year, the Society had 478 members.
It wasn't until the mid 20th century that vegetarianism partnered with animal rights movement. America's most notorious animal rights organization, PETA, vigorously protests against all meat, animal products and animal testing. It is best known for its bold ad campaigns. The HSUS takes a less strict approach. It accepts that people will eat meat and focus instead on reducing meat consumption, replacing animal products and improving farming techniques. Both PETA and the HSUS, however, are powerful political machines: They hold stock in companies like Tyson, Wal - Mart, McDonald's and Smithfield's. The modem vegetarian movement is getting ever more powerful.

单选题 Which of the following is not true according to the first paragraph?

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】文章第一段第一句说：今天，素食主义是一种潮流，25%的年轻人甚至认为这很“酷”，因此A选项与原文相符；第二句说：植物化妆品和素食食物的成功是素食饮食习惯受欢迎的一个证明，因此c与原文相符；第三句说：一些宣传索食主义和动物权利的团体对很多大公司有着很大的游说力，因此D与原文相符；最后一句说：但是素食主义并不是一直这么广为接受，也并不是一直和动物权利运动相关联，由此可知B选项与原文不符，因此本题的正确答案为B。

单选题 Vegetarianism first appeared ______.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】根据题干定位到第二段第一句：In 17th-and 18th-century Europe, some Protestant groups embraced vegetarianism as a moral directive-a way to be sinless(在十七、十八世纪的欧洲，一些新教组织接受了素食主义作为一种道德指导一通向无罪的途径)，由此我们可以判断素食主义最早出现在十七、十八世纪的欧洲。后面的几个阶段是素食主义发展历史上有代表性的几个阶段，但并不是起始阶段。因此本题的正确答案为A。

单选题 In the 19th century Europe and North America vegetarianism was linked to ______.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】根据题干定位到第二段第二、三句：By the 19th century, European and North American vegetarianism had become a fringe health movement. Adherents promoted the dietary benefits of vegetarianism-even coupling it with temperance and anti-tobacco movements(到了19世纪，欧洲和北美的素食主义已经变成了一种外围的健康运动，践行者鼓吹素食主义的饮食带来的益处，甚至把它和戒烟戒酒运动相提并论，因此本题的正确答案为C。

单选题 According to the passage, PETA is best known for ______.

单选题 Which of the following best describes the groups that promote vegetarianism according to the author?

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】根据题干定位到最后一段倒数第二句：Both PETA and the HSUS, however, are powerful political machines: They hold stock in companies like Tyson, Wal-Man, McDonald' sand Smithfield's(不管是PETA还足HSUS都是强大的政治机器：他们在泰森、沃尔玛、麦当劳和史密斯菲尔德公司持有股份)，由此可判断B为本题的正确答案。