单选题 Many successful business executives do not follow the standard method for problem solving in business. Typically, business schools teach their students to first clarify goals, assess the problem, formulate options and estimate the chances of success before making a decision. Conversely, many real world business decisions are made based on what some senior executives call intuition (直觉). They use hunches (预感) and educated guesses to manage large global companies where different departments, networks of information, and complex chains of command force today's manager to integrate action into the process of analysis.
Historically, business writers have recognized that some managers rely heavily on intuition. For the most part, however, business writers and the faculty at business schools often display a poor grasp of what intuition is and how it is used. Instead, they see it as the opposite of rationality.
More recent research, however, demonstrates that executive intuition is not that case. Rather, executives use intuition in a number of ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. They then rely on intuition to implement well-learned responses quickly. This type of decision-making process is based on years of practice, hand-on experience, and a finely practised sense of when to make a quick decision and when to wait for more information.
Intuition also allows executives to make decisions based on the "big picture": a complete integrate understanding of how decisions will affect all facets of the business enterprise. In this way, some managers use intuition as a kind of "gut check" on the results of more rational analysis. Finally, in today's fast-paced business world, intuition allows managers to make decisions quickly and effectively without relying on costly and time-consuming in-depth analyses.
One of the implications of this style of management is that thinking cannot be separated from acting. "I often know what the answer is even before I see the analysis," says one sales manager, "sometimes in business you need to cat first and explain your actions later."
Given the uncertainty of many of the management issues that they face, senior managers often take a course of action simply to learn more about an issue. Action actually helps them develop a more complete understanding of the issue. With more and more companies relying on their executives to see the "big picture" and think outside the box, traditional decision-making strategies may be one of the casualties (牺牲品) of globalization.

单选题 According to the passage, what will most excellent senior executives do when they tackle complicated problems?

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[定位] 由题于中的senior executives定位到首段第三句Conversely, many real world business decisions are made based on what some senior executives call intuition.
[精析] 推理判断题[考频：66]。该句说“现实商务世界的决策很多都是以被高级经理人称作直觉的东西为基础”，由此椎知，他们是根据直觉判断要做什么。故D)为正确答案。
[避错] 原文只是说“许多现实世界的商业决策”，故A) all the way through(一直，总是)表达过于绝对化，排除；B)“遵从传统的理性模式”与原文意思相悖；C)“只用纯粹的猜想来管理大型国际公司”与原文“他们使用预感和有理的猜测来管理大型的跨国公司”不符，故排除。

单选题 The author thinks that writers on management for a long time regard intuition as ______.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[定位] 由题干中的writers on management for a long time regard intuition定位到原文第二段首句Historically， business writers have recognized that some managers rely heavily on intuition．
[精析] 推理判断题[考频：66]。原文第二段最后一句说“相反，他们把直觉看成是理性的反义词”。由此可以推知，这些管理方面的书籍的作者把直觉看成为不理智的解决问题的方法。故C)为正确答案，其中an irrational way(不理智的方法)为原文the opposite of rationality(理智的反面)的同义转述。
[避错] 原文只是提及“注意到一些经理人在很大程度上依靠直觉”，但是这些作家并没有认为大部分经理人都严重依赖直觉，排除A)；这些作家并没有认为直觉是制定决策中最关键的因素，相反，他们把直觉看成理智的反义词，故排除B)；原文只是说“商务作家和商学院的教师对直觉是什么和怎样运用直觉没有良好的把握”，而D)“直觉是对管理技巧掌握不精的结果”在原文并没有提及，故排除。

单选题 According to the passage, how do the executives use intuition?

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[定位] 由题干中的executives use intuition定位到原文第三段第二句Rather，executives use intuition in a number of ways．
[精析] 综合推断题[考频：28]。根据原文“这种决策过程是以多年的操作、亲身经历和对何时要做出迅速决定、何时要等待更多信息的非常准确的感觉为基础的”可以推知，B)“他们运用经验来做决定”与文意相符，故为正确答案。
[避错] 由原文“而不用依靠费钱耗时的深入分析”可以排除A)“他们对问题做深入分析”和D)“他们花费更多的钱和时间来作决定”：C)与原文第四段第一句不符，该句说“直觉让经理人能够以全局为依据做出决策”，而不是让员工也理解“全局”，故排除。

单选题 It can be inferred from the passage that a successful business manager will ______.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[定位] 由题干中的a successful business manager定位到原文第五段首句One of the implications of this style of management is that thinking cannot be separated from acting．
[精析] 推理判断题[考频：66]。原文第五段一位销售经理说：“有时在商业中你要先行动后解释”，由此可以推知在决定之前没有必要去给别人解释原因。故D)为正确答案。
[避错] A)“在研究前知道怎样处理问题”在原文没有提及，原文只是说“我通常在看到分析之前就知道答案了”，而且文中也未说“总是在深入分析前采取行动”，故排除B)；C)“把有效的思考与行动相结合”表达笼统，本文并没有突出思考，文中突出的是通过行动来增加认识，故也排除。

单选题 The last sentence of this passage probably means ______.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[定位] 由题干中的The last sentence of this passage定位到原文末段末句With more and more companies relying on their executives to see the “big picture”and think outside the box, traditional decision-making strategies may be one of the casualties of globalization．
[精析] 语义理解题[考频：37]。本句意思是“随着越来越多的公司要依靠高级经理人来保证全局和在规则之外思考，传统的决策模式可能会成为全球化的又一个牺牲品”。由此可知，其言外之意就是“随着跨国公司的发展，越来越少的经理人会使用传统的决策模式了”。B)与之相符，即为答案。
[避错] 原文只是表达了一种可能，“传统的决策模式可能会成为全球化的又一个牺牲品”，并没有说传统的决策模式会被未来的经理人们彻底抛弃，排除A)；原文只是说“越来越多的公司要依靠高级经理人来保证全局观”，并未说高级经理人会把公司看作全局，排除C)；D)理解错误，原文说“传统的决策模式可能会成为全球化的又一个牺牲品”，而并没有说传统的决策模式会危害全球化，故排除。