单选题 The domestic economy in the United States expanded in a remarkably vigorous and steady fashion. The revival in consumer confidence was reflected in the higher proportion of incomes spent for goods and services and the marked increase in consumer willingness to take on installment debt. A parallel strengthening in business psychology was manifested in a stepped-up rate of plant and equipment spending and a gradual pickup in expenses for inventory. Confidence in the economy was also reflected in the strength of the stock market and in the stability of the bond market. For the year as a whole, consumer and business sentiment benefited from the ease in East-West tensions.
The bases of the business expansion were to be found mainly in the stimulative monetary and fiscal policies that had been pursued. Moreover, the restoration of sounder liquidity positions and tighter management control of production efficiency had also helped lay the groundwork for a strong expansion. In addition, the economic policy moves made by the President had served to renew optimism on the business outlook while boosting hopes that inflation would be brought under more effective control. Finally, of course, the economy was able to grow as vigorously as it did because sufficient leeway (余地) existed in terms of idle men and machines.
The United States balance of payments (国际收支差额) deficit declined sharply. Nevertheless, by any other test, the deficit remained very large. While the overall trade performance proved disappointing, there are still good reasons for expecting the delayed impact of devaluation to produce in time a significant strengthening in our trade picture. Given the size of the Japanese component of our trade deficit, however, the outcome will depend importantly on the extent of the corrective measures undertaken by Japan.
The underlying task of public policy for the year ahead—and indeed for the longer run—remained a familiar one: to strike the right balance between encouraging healthy economic growth and avoiding inflationary pressures. With the economy showing sustained and vigorous growth, and with the currency crisis highlighting the need to improve our competitive posture internationally, the emphasis seemed to be shifting to the problem of inflation. The Phase Three Program of wage and price restraint can contribute to reducing inflation.

单选题 The stability of the bond market is mentioned in the first paragraph so as to ______.

A. show the strength of the stock market
B. manifest the public's trust in the economic situation
C. reveal the ease in East-West tensions
D. indicate the higher proportion of incomes spent for commodities

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[考点] 例证题 [解析] 根据题干信号词the stability of the bond market(债券市场的稳定)以及出处提示first paragraph可回文定位到首段倒数第二句Confidence in the economy was also reflected in the strength of the stock market and in the stability of the bond market(股票市场的影响力以及债券市场的稳定也反映了人们对经济的信心)，此处是题眼。理解本句的关键是对be reflected in(反映在……上面)短语的把握，它在逻辑上等同于be illustrated by(由……可证明)，表示其前后是例证关系，即：其后信息是例子，其前信息是证明的对象。由此可知：两处括弧表达“股票市场的影响力”与“债券市场的稳定”作为例子都证明(反映)的对象是“表明公众对经济形势的信心”，因此B项正确。请考生注意B项与题眼的对应改写：manifest对应原文的reflect; the public's trust in the economic situation对应原文的Confidence in the economy。

单选题 We may learn from paragraph 2 that it centers on ______.

A. the causes of the America's economic expansion
B. the stimulative monetary and fiscal policies
C. the restoration of sounder liquidity positions
D. the President's economic policy moves

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[考点] 段落主旨题 [解析] 段落主旨题的解题思路是关注该段落的段首句、段尾句、总述句等特殊功能句或总结提炼该段落的复现词，即主旨词。第二段首句The bases of the business expansion were to be found mainly in the stimulative monetary and fiscal policies that had been pursued(经济发展的根本原因主要在于所奉行货币和财政政策的刺激)，本句话显然在分析“经济发展的原因”；第二句请考生注意过渡词Moreover，表示语义递进，因此本句继续分析经济发展的原因；第三句再次使用语义递进的过渡词In addition，阐述经济发展的又一个原因；本段尾句的连贯词是Finally，表示原因分析的终结，即经济发展的另一个原因。综上所述，本段主要在讲述(centers on)“美国经济发展的种种原因”，因此A项正确。

单选题 The author's attitude toward the decline of the U.S. balance of payments deficit can be summarized as ______.

A. depressed
B. optimistic
C. objective
D. impartial

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[考点] 作者态度题 [解析] 根据题干信号词the decline of the U.S. balance of payments deficit可回文定位到第三段首句The United States balance of payments deficit declined sharply(美国国际收支差额方面的赤字急剧下降)，但作者态度在此句并未体现，故需要继续在下文寻找，并锁定接下来的第二、三句为本题目“题眼”：Nevertheless, by any other test, the deficit remained very large. While the overall trade performance proved disappointing, there are still good reasons for expecting the delayed impact of devaluation to produce in time a significant strengthening in our trade picture(然而，根据其他标准，赤字依然庞大。虽然总体的贸易表现令人失望，但仍然有充分的理由可以指望美元贬值所产生的后续影响能够及时对贸易前景产生强有力的促进作用)。鉴于作者态度题的解题思路是关注回文定位信息中的主观感受性表达，故考生要注意本段前三句的下列评价性措辞：decline(积极)与large(消极)构成对比关系(Nevertheless“然而”)，disappointing(消极)与significant strengthening(积极)构成对比关系(While“尽管”)，故作者对问题的评价是“辩证性”的，即“客观的”，C项正确。

单选题 According to the author, what should public policy aim at in the years to come?

A. Encouraging healthy economic growth.
B. Avoiding inflationary pressures.
C. Reducing inflation.
D. Striking a balance between A and B.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[考点] 细节题 [解析] 根据题干信号词public policy，aim at和in the years to come可回文定位到尾段首句The underlying task of public policy for the year ahead—and indeed for the longer run—remained a familiar one: to strike the fight balance between encouraging healthy economic growth and avoiding inflationary pressures(公共政策在未来一年——甚至在更长的时间——的潜在目标依然是大家熟悉的任务：在促进经济健康增长和避免通胀压力之间达成平衡)。此处为本题目“题眼”。冒号后的表达是对前面目标的解释：在促进经济健康增长和避免通胀压力之间达成平衡。D项与题眼信息语义完全一致，故为正确项。