问答题
{{I}}Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the
underlined segments into Chinese. Write your pieces of Chinese version in the
proper space on your Answer Sheet Ⅱ.{{/I}} As we
enter the 21st century, the gap between the world's rich and poor is widening,
both with in and among countries. 1. {{U}}The vast majority of the world's
population is receiving an ever-decreasing share of its collective wealth, while
the share claimed by a few rich nations and individuals is steadily growing.{{/U}}
In 2001 Forbes magazine counted 538 billionaires with a total net worth of 1.7
trillion dollars, while the United Nations identified 2.8 billion people
surviving on less than two dollars a day. Overall, the richest 20 percent of the
world's people control 86 percent of global income, while the poorest 20 percent
control barely one percent. The impacts of this widening
rich-poor gap are varied and worrisome. 2. {{U}}They include environmental
destruction—richer nations and individuals can afford to over-consume resources,
poorer nations and individuals are forced to over-exploit the environment just
to survive.{{/U}} They include migration—people are forced to, move in search of
adequate resources. And they include conflict—wealthier nations and individuals
fight to keep what they have, while those suffering a lack of resources fight to
obtain them. 3. {{U}}Because poorer groups typically lack the assets and
technology to conduct large-scale conventional war to obtain their goals, they
often resort to low-intensity conflict and terrorism.{{/U}} The
causes of this global disparity are diverse and complex, but include colonial
era trading patterns that favor industrialized nations; the globalization of
economies and economic structures, in which poor nations struggle to compete; a
growing "digital divide" characterized by lack of access to information
technology; inadequate governance and protection of law; and lack of access to
education, healthcare, and social safety nets, especially for women and
girls. 4. {{U}}Individuals and nations need not remain in poverty
indefinitely, however.{{/U}} With an awareness of the interdependence of our
modern world and a concerted political will, it is possible to reverse this
trend that threatens to divide the world against itself. And reversing this
trend would have powerful and positive impacts on our future.
5. {{U}}Bringing the nearly 5 billion people of the less industrialized world into
a sustainable economy through "pro-poor" policies would provide a tremendous
boost to the world economy, as well as to those people.{{/U}} With increased
economic opportunities come improved access to nutrition, education, and health
care. With those come higher income, greater autonomy—especially for women—and
the opportunity to pursue environmentally sound technologies and
products.