Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.
The name “United Nations” was probably devised by U. S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and the first group of representatives of the member states met and signed a declaration of 【A1】 _____ purpose on New Year’s Day in 1942. Representatives of five 【A2】 _____ worked together to draw 【A3】 _____ proposals, completed at Dumbarton Oaks in 1944. These proposals, modified after 【A4】 _____ at the conference on International Organization in San Francisco which began in April 1945, were finally 【A5】 _____ and signed as the U. N. Charter by 50 countries on 26 June, 1945. Poland, not 【A6】 _____ at the conference, signed the Charter later and was added to the list of 【A7】 _____ members. It was not until that autumn, 【A8】 _____, after the Charter had been 【A9】 _____ approved and signed by China, France, the U. S. S. R, the U. K. and the U. S. and by a majority of the other participants that the U. N. came 【A10】 _____ existence. The date was 24 October, now 【A11】 _____ celebrated as United Nations Day.
The essential 【A12】 _____ of the U. N. are to maintain international peace and security, to develop friendly relations among nations, to cooperate internationally in solving international 【A13】 _____, social, cultural and human problems, 【A14】 _____ respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, and to be a centre for coordinating the actions of nations in attaining these common 【A15】 _____.
No country takes precedence over another in the U. N. Each member’s rights and obligations are the same. All must contribute to the 【A16】 _____ settlement of international disputes, and members have pledged to refrain 【A17】 _____ the threat or use of force against other states. Though the U.N. has no right to intervene in any state’s internal affairs, it tries to ensure that non-member states act 【A18】 _____ its principles of international peace and security. U.N. members must offer every assistance 【A19】 _____ an approved U.N. action and 【A20】 _____ assist states against which the U.N. is taking preventive or enforcement action.