单选题 To paraphrase 18th-century statesman Edmund Burke, "all that is needed for the triumph of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing." One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals have rights ruling out their use in research. Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates, whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care. Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on public funding, and few people understand the process of health care research. Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings, many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.
For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from of is tested in animals--no meat, no fur, no medicines. Asked if she opposed immunizations, she wanted to know if vaccines come from animal research. When assured that they do, she replied, "Then I would have to say yes." Asked what will happen when epidemics return, she said, "Don't worry, scientists will find some way of using computers." Such well-meaning people just don't understand.
Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable way--in human terms, not in the language of molecular biology. We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother's hip replacement, a father's bypass operation, a baby's vaccinations, and even a pet's shots. To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.
Much can be done. Scientists could "adopt" middle school classes and present their own research. They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth. Research institutions could be opened to tours, to show that laboratory animals receive humane care. Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment. If good people do nothing, there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress.

单选题 The author begins his article with Edmund Burke's words to ______.

A. call on scientists to take some actions
B. criticize the misguided cause of animal rights
C. warn of the doom of biomedical research
D. show the triumph of the animal rights movement

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】这是一道结构题。题干中的信号词为Edmund Burke，出自于文章第一段第一句话中。文章第一段指出：18世纪的政治家爱德蒙·伯克说，被误导的运动要想成功所需的只是好人不作为；现在，就有这样的运动寻求终止生化研究，其依据是动物有权要求人们在研究活动中不再使用动物的理论；科学家应该对动物权利倡导者作出有力的反击，因为这些人的观点正在蛊惑公众，从而威胁到了保健知识与医疗的发展。这说明，作者之所以引用埃德蒙德·博克的话，是希望科学家对动物权利倡导者进行反击。A说“号召科学家采取某些行动”，这与文章的意思相符。文中提到animal rights时是说“现在就有这样的运动寻求终止生化研究，其依据是动物有权要求人们在研究活动中不再使用动物的理论”，文中并没有批评动物权利组织的运动，也没有说这种运动被误导了，所以B不对；文中只是说“这样的运动寻求终止生化研究”，并没有说生物医学研究会失败，所以C不对；文中没有提到D。

单选题 Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is ______.

A. cruel but natural
B. inhuman and unacceptable
C. inevitable but vicious
D. pointless and wasteful

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】这是一道细节题。题干中的信号词为animal in research，出自于文章第一段最后一句话中。文章第一段最后一句话指出：听到有关在研究中残忍地对待动物的断言，许多人感到困惑，以为任何人都会故意伤害动物。第三段最后一句话指出：对于那些不了解只有通过动物研究才能研制出治疗方案、才能开发出新方案和新疫苗的人来说，动物研究说得好听一点是浪费，说得难听一点是残忍。这说明，被误导的人们认为，研究中使用动物是残忍的、不可接受的。B说“不人道，不可接受”，这与文章的意思相符。文中没有说被误解的人认为在研究中使用动物正常，所以A不对；文中也没有说在研究中使用动物不可避免，所以C不对；D与文章第三段最后一句话的意思不符。

单选题 The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public's ______.

A. discontent with animal research
B. ignorance about medical science
C. indifference to epidemics
D. anxiety about animal rights

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】这是一道结构题。题干中的信号词为grandmotherly woman，出自于文章第二段第一句话中。文章第二段指出：在最近的一次集市上，一位在动物权利保护摊位服务的老太太在分发小册子，鼓励读者不要使用来自于动物或在动物身上做过实验的任何东西——包括肉、皮毛或药品；当问及她是否反对免疫接种时，她说她想知道疫苗是否来自于动物实验：当确信疫苗是来自于动物实验时，她回答说她反对；当问及如果流行病重新发作该怎么办时，她说，不用担心，科学家会利用计算机找到某种解决办法的；这样的好心人只是不了解情况。这说明，老太太的例子是用来表示——许多人根本不了解动物研究。B说“公众不了解医疗科学”，这与文章的意思相符。A和D明显与文章的意思不符；文中只是说这些人不了解情况，不理解动物研究与人类疾病之间的关系，并没有说他们不关心流行病，所以C不对。

单选题 The author believes that, in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates, scientists should ______.

A. communicate more with the public
B. employ hi-tech means in research
C. feel no shame for their cause
D. strive to develop new cures

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】这是一道细节题。题干中的信号词为scientist，出自于文章第三段第一句话中。文章第三段指出：科学家必须用一种富于同情、易于理解的方式将信息传递给公众；我们必须澄清动物研究与髋骨置换、旁道管手术、免疫接种甚至宠物的防疫注射之间的关系。第四段接着指出：科学家可以“走进”中学课堂，介绍他们的科研活动；他们应该尽快答复编辑的来信，以免动物权利组织的错误信息没有引起质疑，从而蒙蔽真理；研究机构也应该向游客开放，以表明实验室的动物受到了人道的对待；最后，医学研究界不仅要邀请像史蒂芬·库柏那样的知名人士米支持自己的事业，还要邀请所有接受过医疗的人来支持自己。这说明，作者认为，科学家应该多与公众交流，让公众了解真实情况。A说“科学家应该多与公众交流”，这与文章的意思相符。文中没有提到B、C和D。

单选题 From the passage we learn that Stephen Cooper is ______.

A. a well-known humanist
B. a medical practitioner
C. an enthusiast in animal rights
D. a supporter of animal research

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】这是一道归纳题。题干中的信号词为Stephen Cooper，出自于文章第四段倒数第二句话中。文章第四段指出：科学家应该尽快答复编辑的来信，以免动物权利组织的错误信息没有引起质疑，从而蒙蔽真理；研究机构也应该向游客开放，以表明实验室的动物受到了人道的对待；因为最有利害关系者是病人，所以，医学研究界不仅要邀请像史蒂芬·库柏——他已经勇敢地声明动物研究的价值——那样的知名人士来支持自己的事业，还要邀请所有接受过医疗的人来支持自己，这说明，史蒂芬·库珀支持动物研究。D说“他是一名动物研究的支持者”，这与文章的意思相符。A和B明显与文章的意思不符；C与文章的意思相反。