Depression is a serious condition that_____1___ around 16 million U.S.adults.The condition is more common in women, but new research suggests that older women who____2____go to bed early and wake up early may be____3____likely to develop the condition as they age.
For the study, published online now in The Journal of Psychiatric Research, the team looked a the rate of depression and sleep patterns of 32,470 females who had taken part in the Nurses' Health Study Ⅱ.The women had an average age of 55, and____4____themselves as either early, intermediate or late sleepers and risers.They also updated their depression status using a questionnaire from 2011 to 2013.Results____5____that women who went to bed early and rose early had modestly lower risk of depression, compared to the other women.
In addition, those who went to bed late and woke up late had a____6____increased risk of depression.According to the researchers, this suggests that natural sleeping pattern may influence the risk of depression in middle to older aged women.However, one major caveat of the study is that there searchers were unable to account for the role that the____7____and genetics played in these results. Late bedtimes and risings are not the only sleep patterns that have been associated with increased risk of depression.The National Sleep Foundation reported that people with insomnia are 10 times more likely to develop depression than____8____who sleep well.Those whose depression includes trouble falling asleep and trouble staying asleep are at the greatest risk for developing depression.
The link between sleep and depression has been long noted by scientists.For example, The National Sleep Foundation wrote that lack of sleep and difficulty sleeping is a common side effect of depression.However, exactly where this relationship ties is difficult to____9____down.For example, the Foundation writes that both sleep problems and depression may share similar risk factors, which could____10____why they are often seen hand-in-hand.Better understanding of how sleep patterns may have an effect on depression risk could help doctors develop more effective prevention plans.
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抑郁症是一种严重的疾病，影响了大约1 600万美国成年人。这种情况在女性中更为常见，但新的研究表明，自然早睡早起的老年女性随着年龄的增长会降低患抑郁症的概率。
这项研究发表在《精神病学研究期刊》网页版上，32470位女性参加了第二期护士健康研究，团队研究了她们患抑郁症的比例以及睡眠模式。这些女性的平均年龄为55岁，并将自己描述为早睡早起型、晚睡晚起型和介于二者之间的类型。她们还使用2011年至2013年的调查问卷更新了自己的抑郁状态。结果显示，与其他女性相比，早睡早起的女性患抑郁症的风险相对更低。
此外，从统计学上来看，那些晚睡晚醒的人会增加患抑郁症的风险。研究人员称，这表明自然睡眠模式可能会影响中老年女性抑郁的风险。然而，需要注意的是，研究人员无法解释环境和遗传在这些结果中所起的作用。晚睡晚起并不是唯一与患抑郁症风险增加有关的睡眠模式。美国国家睡眠基金会报告称，患有失眠症的人患抑郁症的可能性是睡眠良好的人的10倍。抑郁症有入睡困难的症状，而入睡困难的人患抑郁症的风险最大。
科学家们早就注意到睡眠和抑郁之间的联系。例如，美国国家睡眠基金会写道，睡眠不足和睡眠困难是抑郁症的常见症状。然而，很难弄清楚这二者有什么联系。例如，基金会认为睡眠问题和抑郁症可能有相似的风险因素，这可以解释它们经常看起来这么相似的原因。更好地了解睡眠模式如何影响患抑郁症风险可以帮助医生制定更有效的预防计划。