单选题
{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} There are 5 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.
{{B}}Passage 1{{/B}}
Albert Einstein once attributed the creativity of a famous scientist to the fact that he "never went to school, and therefore preserved the rare gift of thinking freely". There is undoubtedly truth in Einstein's observation. Many artists and geniuses seem to view their schooling as a disadvantage. But such a truth is not a criticism of schools. It is the function of schools to civilize, not to train explorers. The explorer is always a lonely individual whether his or her pioneering be in art, music, science, or technology. The creative explorer of unmapped lands shares with the genius what William James described as the "faculty of perceiving in an unhabitual way". Insofar as schools teach perceptual patterns they tend to destroy creativity and genius. But if schools could somewhat exist solely to cultivate genius, then society would break down. For the social order demands unity and widespread agreement, both traits are destructive to creativity. There will always be conflict between the demands of society and the impulses of creativity and genius.
单选题 Albert Einstein once thought that schools ______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦曾经认为学校妨碍科学家自由思考。作者在最开始说,阿尔伯特•爱因斯坦曾把著名科学家的创造力归因于他“从不上学,因此保留了罕见的自由思考的天赋”。
单选题 In the author's opinion, schooling meets the need of ______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】根据作者的观点,学校教育满足社会秩序的需要。作者在文中说,学校的作用是教育,而不是培训探索者。如果学校存在的唯一目的是培养天才,那么社会将会崩溃,因为社会秩序要求统一和广泛的认同。
单选题 There will always be contradiction between ______.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】创造性和广泛的社会认同之间总是存在着矛盾。根据最后一句,社会需要和创造力的冲动以及天才之间总存在着冲突。
单选题 Which statement best expresses the main idea of the passage?
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】探索者和天才看待世界的方法与大多数人的方法不同。全文的主要内容是:探索者和天才耐得住寂寞,独立思考,以人们不大习惯的方法理解世界,因此应选C。