阅读理解 There were some consistent patterns among the heavier readers: For the younger children— ages 6 to 11—being read aloud to regularly and having restricted online time were correlated with frequent reading; for the older children—ages 12 to 17—one of the largest predictors was whether they had time to read on their own during the school day.
The finding about reading aloud to children long after toddlerhood may come as a surprise to some parents who read books to children at bedtime when they were very young but then tapered off. Last summer, the American Academy of Pediatrics announced a new policy recommending that all parents read to their children from birth.
"A lot of parents assume that once kids begin to read independently, that now that is the best thing for them to do," said Maggie McGuire, the vice president for a website for parents operated by Scholastic. But reading aloud through elementary school seemed to be connected to a love of reading generally. According to the report, 41 percent of frequent readers ages 6 to 10 were read aloud to at home, while only 13 percent of infrequent readers were being read to.
Of course, children who love to read are generally immersed in households with lots of books and parents who like to read. So while parents who read to their children later in elementary school may encourage those children to become frequent readers on their own, such behavior can also result from "a whole constellation of other things that goes on in those families," said Timothy Shanahan, a past president of the International Reading Association.
There is not yet strong research that connects reading aloud at older ages to improved reading comprehension. But some literacy experts said that when parents or teachers read aloud to children even after they can read themselves, the children can hear more complex words or stories than they might tackle themselves.
"It's this idea of marinating children in higher-level vocabulary," said Pam Allyn, founder of LitWorld.Org, a nonprofit group that works to increase literacy among young people. "The read-aloud can really lift the child." Other literacy experts say the real value of reading to children is helping to develop background knowledge in all kinds of topics as well as exposure to sophisticated language.

单选题 36.It can be inferred from the first paragraph that______.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】推断题。根据题干关键词定位到第一段。根据原文for the older children--ages 12 to 17一One of the largest predictors was whether they had time to read on their own during the school day推断出C项“对于年龄较大的孩子来说，自主阅读很重要”为正确答案，其中read independently是对on their own的同义替换。A项“年幼的孩子和年龄较大的孩子有相同的阅读模式”是对第一句的曲解。B项“对于年幼的孩子，时常听父母大声朗读，对其学校生活有益”在第一句没有提及。D项“对于年龄较大的孩子，限制上网时间对其培养阅读习惯是有益的”属于过度推断。

单选题 37.The phrase "tapered off " (Para. 2) probably means______.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】含义题。根据题干关键词定位到第二段。根据The finding about reading aloud to children long after toddlerhood may come as a surprise to some parents who read books to children at bedtime when they were very young but then tapered off. 可以推断出，一些家长在孩子很小的时候，经常在睡前给他们读书，但随后逐渐减少。taper意为“逐渐减少；逐渐缩小”，taper off为固定搭配，意为“逐渐减少”，故B项为正确答案。A项“中途停下”；C项“关上，关掉”和D项“偶尔阅读”均不符合题意，故排除。

单选题 38.The author mentions " the report" in Paragraph 3 to show that______.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第三段。原文But reading aloud through elementary school seemed to be connected to a love of reading generally．According to the report…，因此A项“在孩子的整个小学阶段坚持给他们朗读与孩子阅读习惯的形成有关”为正确答案。B项“玛吉-麦圭尔的观点是错的”，C项“许多父母认为看到孩子自主阅读是最好的事情”，D项“频繁阅读者与非频繁阅读者之间没有区别”均与原文不符，故排除。

单选题 39.Which of the following is NOT true according to Paragraphs 4-5?

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第四、五段。此类题目可用排除法。A项“爱读书的孩子通常会受到父母的影响”与children who love to read are generally immersed in households with lots of books and parents who like to read相符；B项“家庭氛围对孩子的阅读行为是非常重要的”是对such behavior can also result from“a whole constellation of other things that goes on in those families”这句话的正确理解；C项“没有明显的证据证明对年龄较大的孩子大声朗读可以加强其阅读理解力”与There is not yet strong research that connects reading aloud at older ages to improved reading comprehension．相符。D项“一些识字专家认为对年龄较大的孩子大声朗读没有意义”与第五段最后一句不符，因此为正确答案。

单选题 40.Pam Allyn argues that the advantage of read-aloud is that_____.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】细节题。根据题干关键词定位到最后一段。根据It’s this idea of marinating children in higher-level vocabulary…The read-aloud can really lift the child．可知B项“可以真正改善孩子的阅读能力”为正确答案。A项“可以扩大孩子的词汇量”是对原文“接受更高级别词汇熏陶”的曲解。C项“有助于丰富孩子的知识”和D项“有利于孩子理解复杂的语言”属于其他专家的观点，故排除。