问答题
日前,腾讯老大马化腾坦言“腾讯目前只是在国内有很多用户和较高的知名度,但在国外没有多少人知道”。
事实的确如此。
微信在国内雄霸4亿用户之时,高调推出国际化战略之后的微信海外用户却仅有5000万,其海外战略进展却不如意。
以日本为例,使用WeChat(微信的海外版本)的人大多数是华人。据报道,在日本工作的华人做了调研,结论是“不接地气”:比如日本人非常警惕通过“搜索”找上门来的“朋友”,对于Look Around功能,也就是在国内微信中类似“附近的人”这一功能十分排斥;比如,日本人没有QQ情节,对于WeChat从QQ移植过来的表情感觉非常奇怪:再比如,WeChat没有游戏一说,在游戏产业风靡的日本,只能靠边站了。
韩国有Kakao Talk、日本有LINE,微信发力东南亚市场,劲敌强大。而微信国际化的关键在于能否进入欧美市场尤其是美国市场。
但是,在美国占有一席之地,更难。
美国作为全球互联网科技创新的发源地,WhatsApp、Facebook Messenger都是十分成熟的产品,尤其是面对拥有超过10亿用户的Facebook,微信如何建立先进的产品认知?微信在产品功能上的新鲜价值如何复制到美国市场?还有,微信在国内有QQ的庞大用户群“背书”,但在美国显然没有背后的用户群,人口问题实在紧迫。
不仅如此,此前,中国大型互联网公司几乎没有谁敢进入美国市场,因为面临从语言到数据安全顾虑等一系列挑战。去年奥巴马政府公布的《隐私人权法案》,进一步约束互联网及移动互联网企业需要谨慎处理用户的隐私信息。可以想见,微信要获得美国用户的信赖,并非易事。
互联网的兴盛促成了地球村时代的到来,尽管沟通再无地理上的障碍,但是隔阂仍然存在,包括文化差异、用户沟通交流习惯不同、数据安全等一系列问题。Google败走亚洲:在日本不及雅虎、在韩国输给Naver;Facebook席卷世界,却在巴西惨败给Google旗下几近放弃的社交网站Orkut;盛大在纳斯达克上市8年,最终选择黯然退市……这些都是扩张型互联网企业在全球化视角下的战略困局。
在中国,除了阿里巴巴背靠国际贸易的市场环境走出国门之外,有实力将产品拿到国外市场的,百度算是第二个,微信是第三个。可遗憾的是,中国互联网企业“成功”迈向国际的模式还没有,微信只有“摸着石头过河”了。
【正确答案】
【答案解析】Ma Huateng, the man at the helm of Tencent, China"s largest Internet operator, recently admitted that "Tencent is little known outside of China for all the size of its users and popularity it boasts at home."
And he puts it rightly/This is indeed the case with Tencent.
Weixin, known as WeChat in English, is a mobile text and voice messaging communication service developed by Tencent in China. The service platform boasts an enviable following of 400 million users at home, whereas progress towards its "go global" strategy is discouraging/ depressing/lackluster/disappointing/with a mere 50 million overseas users registered so far.
Japan can be a case in point where most of WeChat users are overseas Chinese. The finding of a research undertaken by overseas Chinese working in Japan suggests that WeChat is not consistent with/compatible with/acclimated to local user habits. Japanese users are highly vigilant against those who "search and befriend" them online. That means they vehemently exclude/repel/frown upon Look Around, a WeChat function that helps identify like-minded people in your immediate neighborhood. There is no QQ culture or obsession among the Japanese, who naturally find QQ-based facial expression signs awfully absurd/weird. Beyond that, WeChat has no game offering. That explains why it is given the cold shoulder in Japan where game industry is in its heyday.
WeChat has to fight archrivals, such as Kakao Talk in South Korea and LINE in Japan, as it seeks to expand its reach into Southeast Asia. As such, the western market, particularly the US market, holds the key to its global presence.
That said, it is getting still tougher for WeChat to secure a footing/foothold in the US.
As the cradle of global Internet innovation, the US boasts well-established communication products, such as WhatsApp and Facebook Messenger. How could WeChat build public recognition as an advanced product while competing with Facebook that has over 1 billion users? How could WeChat replicate its innovative functions in the US? On top of that, WeChat is thriving in China thanks to its extensive endorsement of QQ users, but it is obviously challenging for WeChat to gain market access given its lack of existing users in the US.
Moreover, virtually no large Chinese Internet companies have ventured into the US market because of language barriers and data security concerns. Privacy Bill of Rights promulgated by the Obama Administration last year dictates more prudence in handling privacy information of users by Internet and mobile Internet operators. In this connection, one can imagine how hard it might be for WeChat to gain trust of American users.
The thriving Internet has ushered in an era of a truly global village. Estrangement persists with geographical barriers already removed, though. Among others, people have to deal with cultural clash, cope with different ways of communication and address data insecurity. Google lost ground to Yahoo in Japan and to Naver in South Korea. Facebook as a globally dominant social network operator was bitterly beaten in Brazil by Orkut, a social networking website that Google almost forwent. Shanda Games Limited ended up getting delisted after being traded at Nasdaq for 8 years. These failures all point to strategic challenges for Internet companies as they expand globally.
In China, Alibaba.com has crossed the border to establish its global presence on the back of the market environment of international trade. It is followed by Baidu.com and WeChat, both of which are well-positioned to take their products to overseas market. Sadly, WeChat has to "cross the river by feeling the stones" as there is no established paradigm for Internet companies to follow as they go global.