单选题 {{B}}Text 2{{/B}}

One of the comical moments in the early history of printing occurred in 1631, when the English printer Robert Barker produced an edition of the scriptures which became known as the "Wicked Bible." This edition contained a misprint of the seventh commandmem. One thousand copies were printed and ready for publication before someone noticed that the commandment had been changed to "Thou shalt commit adultery." Nothing much came of it. The printer was fined, the copies destroyed and the moral fiber of the nation remained intact.
But what happens when the verse at issue is not merely a printer's error but an ancient {{U}}interpolation{{/U}} into an even more ancient text? Such was the case with 1 John 5:7, the biblical proof-text for the doctrine of the Trinity. Erasmus, Sir Isaac Newton and John Locke, among others, challenged the text's authenticity. When Erasmus left the verse out of the first edition of his monumental Greek New Testament (1516), he was roundly criticized for encouraging heresies, schisms and conflicts. Erasmus's critics knew that approaching the Bible in a scholarly fashion was dangerous: even the most pious attempts at rational understanding of scripture could result in skepticism or atheism. How can one appraise the Bible critically and still maintain its authority?.
In his engaging and very thorough book, David Katz explores the ways this question was addressed in England from the Reformation onward. A professor at Tel Aviv University, Katz is the author of The Jews in the History of England, 1485-1850 and a host of books and articles on early- modem skepticism and religion. In God's Last Words, Katz maintains that every era responds to the Bible differently based on shifting cultural assumptions, and he examines the "lens through which the Bible was read" in various historical moments. While Reformation leaders accepted the transparency of the Bible's message, by the late 17th century, this view could no longer be maintained, Katz states. During the 18th century the Bible came to be regarded as just another literary text--one which increasingly had to conform to contemporary standards of realism. As Darwin's theories became widely known, 19th-century readers applied an evolutionary model to the Bible and began m see it as the product of a primitive mentality very different from their own. These new ways of reading the Bible seemed to destroy its authority completely until the fundamentalist movement reasserted the old Protestant belief in the Bible's sole authority.

单选题 Why was the edition printed by Robert Barker called the "Wicked Bible"?

单选题 What is the meaning of "interpolation" (Line 2, Para. 2)?

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】猜词题。“But what happens when the verse at issue is not merely a printer's error but an ancient interpolation into an even more ancient text?"意为“如果这句话并不是一个印刷者的错误，而是古时候对更古老的文本的篡改，那么这又意味着什么呢?”根据后面的内容，有许多人怀疑这类文本的真实性，那么应该是对原文本做的一些改动，选项A“曲解”，B“解释”，C“翻译”，D“解释”中，只有A有“改动原意”的含义，故选A。

单选题 Erasmus's work was criticized as heresies because______.

单选题 Katz's attitude to the adaptation of Bible is

单选题 Which of the following statements is NOT true?

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】事实细节题。这些论述都是关于圣经文本在不同时期所发生的变化。A“改革派领导认为圣经中的信息都是原始的”，原文第三段提到“Reformation leaders accepted the transparency of the Bible's message” (革新运动领导人承认圣经讯息的透明性)，就说明了A的论述；B“18世纪人们可以随心所欲地改编圣经”，第三段提到人们认为圣经只是一种文学文本。应该符合当前现实标准，说明当时人们在做相应调整时还是有一定的标准的，而不是随意修改，因此B不符合原文的观点；c“19世纪的圣经被看作是早充人们的想法”，这在第三段也有提及“19th-cantury readers applied an evolutionary model to the Bible and began to see it as the product of a primitive mentality very different from their own.”(那时读者认为圣经是不同于现代思维的一种原始思维的产物)；D“圣经的权威性通过原教旨主义运动重新恢复”，也在第三段最后提到“the fundamentalist movement reasserted the old Protestant belief in the Bible's sole authority”。因此，正确答案是B。