【正确答案】①We improved. measures for separating rural land ownership rights, contract rights, and management rights, and established a mechanism for determining whether people have been lifted out of poverty. ②We made progress in reforming the science and technology management system, gave greater autonomy to colleges and research institutes, and adopted profit distribution policies oriented toward increasing the value of knowledge. ③We opened up the elderly services market. ④We expanded the trials of comprehensive reforms in public hospitals and deepened reform of the valuation and approval systems for medicine and medical equipment. ⑤We formulated unified measures to determine and register natural resource rights. In addition to crop rotation and fallow land reforms, we piloted reforms for conducting direct oversight by provincial-level environmental protection agencies over the environmental monitoring and inspection work of environmental protection agencies below the provincial level. The river chief system was introduced for all lakes and rivers across the country, and the mechanisms for compensating for ecological conservation efforts were improved. ⑥These reforms have given new impetus to economic and social development. ⑦We opened China wider to the rest of the world. ⑧As we pushed ahead with the Belt and Road Initiative, we worked to increase complementarity between the development strategies of, and practical cooperation between, China and other countries along the routes. ⑨The RMB was formally included in the IMF's Special Drawing Rights basket. ⑩The Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect was launched. We improved measures for promoting trade, and built 12 new integrated experimental zones for cross-border e-commerce, bringing about a steady recovery in the volume of import and export. The new practices of pilot free trade zones in Shanghai and elsewhere were used to establish another seven pilot zones. The requirement for review and approval for setting up and making significant adjustments to foreign enterprises was replaced by a simple filing process, with the exception of a few areas where special market access requirements apply. China utilized more than US $130 billion of overseas investment, continuing to rank first among developing countries.

【答案解析】1．①句中的“三权分置”是中国的特色表达，翻译时不能直接按照字面处理，而应先理解它所指代的具体含义，即“所有权、承包权、经营权的三权分置”，然后保留其意思，译作We improved measures for separating rural land ownership rights, contract rights, and management rights。 2．②句中“扩大高校和科研院所自主权”，可以按照原文的结构处理成expand the autonomy of colleges and research institutes，也可以利用形容词比较级来表达“扩大”之意，译作give greater autonomy to colleges and research institutes，使译文的用词更加灵活多样。 3．⑧句由两个分句组成，前一个分句总说推进“一带一路”建设的规划，后一个分句则具体解释将要采取的措施，翻译时显化这层逻辑关系，添加逻辑连词as，译作As we pushed ahead with the Belt and Road Initiative, we worked to increase...。 4．⑩句“深港通”开启，可以通过添加主语we，译作we have launched the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect，也可以通过转换语态，将原文的主动句转换成被动表达，译作The Shenzhen-Hong Kong Connect Stock was launched。 5．句由三个分句组成，前两个分句描述中国在外贸和跨境电商方面作出的努力，第三个分句则交代了在上述努力下所取得的成果，翻译时显化这层逻辑关系，将第三个分句处理成非谓语结构，译作We improved measures for promoting trade, and built 12 new integrated experimental zones for cross-border e-commerce, bringing about a steady recovery in the volume of import and export。 6．句既可以按照原文结构处理成两个分句，也可以整合句意后合并处理，理解为“上海等自贸试验区的创新成果被用于新设7个自贸试验区”，译作The new practices of pilot free trade zones in Shanghai and elsewhere were used to establish another seven pilot zones，更加符合地道的英文表达。