{{B}}
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Time{{/B}} Do you know that we live a lot longer now than the
people who were born before us? One hundred years ago the average woman lived to
be 45. But now, she can live until at least 80. One of the main
reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves
better. We know which foods are good for us and what we have to eat to make sure
our bodies get all the healthy things they need. We know why we sometimes get
ill and what to do to get better again. And we know how important it is to do
lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily. But in
order that we don't slip back into bad habits, let's have a look at what life
was like 100 years ago. Families had between 15 and 20 children,
although many babies didn't live long. Children suffered from lots of diseases,
especially rickets (佝偻病) and scurvy (坏血病), which are both caused by bad diets.
This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their children
well. Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like
London and Manchester often slept standing up, bending over a piece of string,
because there was no room for them to lie down. People didn't
have fridges until the 1920s. They kept fresh food cold by storing it on
windowsills (窗台板), blocks of ice, or even burying it in the garden.
Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money
for their parents. If you had lived 100 years ago, you might
well be selling matchsticks (火柴杆) (a job done by many children) or working with
your dad by now.
单选题
On average women lived longer than men 100 years ago.
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[解析] 题干中有两个较明确的细节信息，因此考虑把题干内容分成2层：On average women lived longer than men+100 years ago：借助题干中的特征结构100 years ago作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：But in order that we don't slip back into bad habits，let's have a look at what life was like 100 years ago．该句内容与题干内容无关，甚至在全文中也没有发现对women和men的年龄的比较的句子，因此判断答案为“没提到”。
单选题
People now enjoy longer lives for unknown reasons.
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[解析] 直接借助常识判断该句说法错误，因此该句答案很可能是B。同样题干中有两个较明确的细节信息，因此考虑把题干内容分成2层：People now enjoy longer lives+for unknown reasons，注意观察文章中有没有提到关于原因的句子，这样发现答案相关句：Do you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us?(该句内容显示信息1正确)One of them main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better．(该句内容显示信息2错误：该句直接提到了人们寿命增加的原因，显然与题干中所说的“由于未知的原因”相矛盾)
单选题
A hundred years ago many kids died at an early age.
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】[解析] 题干中有两个较明确的细节信息，因此考虑把题干内容分成2层：A hundred years ago many kids died+(died)at an early age；借助题干中的特征结构A hundred years ago和kids作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：But in order that we don't slip back in to bad habits，let's have a look at what life was like 100 years ago．Families had between 15 and 20 children，although many babies didn't live long．借助划线句的句意判断信息1和信息2均正确：首先该句前面说“我们来看看一百年以前的生活是什么样子的”，在该句中(以过去时态出现)又直接提到“许多孩子寿命短”。
单选题
Poor diets can lead to such diseases as rickets and scurvy.
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】[解析] 题干中的信息直接相关，考虑把题干内容看成1层信息，利用题干中出现的特征词“rickets and scurvy”作为答案线索，这样直接找到答案相关句：Childern suffered from lots of diseases, especially rickets(佝偻病)and scurvy(坏血病)，which are both caused by bad diets．该句句意与题干内容一致：都是说“糟糕的饮食造成了佝偻病和坏血病”。
单选题
People in the past preferred standing up to lying down when sleeping.
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[解析] 根据常识判断该句说法不符合常理，也很可能是错误的。可以把题干内容看成2层信息：People in the past preferred standing up to lying down+when sleeping。借助题干中的核心词“standing up”“lying down”和“sleeping”作为答案线索，这样直接找到答案相关句：Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing up，bending over a piece of string ,(弯腰靠在一根绳子上)because there was no room for them to lie down．借助该句意可以看出：原文中说的是“过去人们站着睡觉是因为没有地方让他们躺下”，而不是人们喜欢这样。
单选题
An Englishman invented the fridge in the 1920s.
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[解析] 可以把题干内容看成2层信息：An Englishman invented the fridge+in the 1920s。借助题干中的核心词“fridge”和特征词“1920s”作为答案线索，这样直接找到答案相关句：People didn't have fridges until the 1920s．只有这一句提到了冰箱，但并没有说是“谁”在“什么时候”发明的。
单选题
Life was not easy for many children living 100 years ago.
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】[解析] 题干信息较单一，因此直接把题干内容看成1层信息，借助题干中的特征词“100 years ago”作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：If you had lived 100 years ago, you might well be selling matchsticks(火柴杆)(a job done by many children)or working with your dad by now．从该句句意中能推断出问题句的内容“生活在100年以前的孩子活得不容易”。